Solvent Effects on Degradative Condensation Side Reactions of Fructose in Its Initial Conversion to 5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural

ChemSusChem ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 501-512 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xing Fu ◽  
Yexin Hu ◽  
Yanru Zhang ◽  
Yucheng Zhang ◽  
Dianyong Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solvent Effects ◽  
Side Reactions ◽  
Initial Conversion

scholarly journals Front Cover: Solvent Effects on Degradative Condensation Side Reactions of Fructose in Its Initial Conversion to 5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural (ChemSusChem 3/2020)

ChemSusChem ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 434-434
Author(s):  
Xing Fu ◽  
Yexin Hu ◽  
Yanru Zhang ◽  
Yucheng Zhang ◽  
Dianyong Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solvent Effects ◽  
Side Reactions ◽  
Front Cover ◽  
Initial Conversion

scholarly journals Solvent Effects on Degradative Condensation Side Reactions of Fructose in Its Initial Conversion to 5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural

ChemSusChem ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 438-438
Author(s):  
Xing Fu ◽  
Yexin Hu ◽  
Yanru Zhang ◽  
Yucheng Zhang ◽  
Dianyong Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solvent Effects ◽  
Side Reactions ◽  
Initial Conversion

scholarly journals Solvent Effects and Side Reactions in Organocatalyzed Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization for Enabling the Controlled Polymerization of Acrylates Catalyzed by Diaryl Dihydrophenazines

2020 ◽  
Vol 53 (21) ◽  
pp. 9208-9219
Author(s):  
Blaine McCarthy ◽  
Steven Sartor ◽  
Justin Cole ◽  
Niels Damrauer ◽  
Garret M. Miyake
Keyword(s):  
Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization ◽  
Radical Polymerization ◽  
Solvent Effects ◽  
Side Reactions ◽  
Atom Transfer ◽  
Controlled Polymerization

Cleavage of ethers in an ionic liquid. Enhancement, selectivity and potential application

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (26) ◽  
pp. 5556-5563 ◽  
Author(s):  
William E. S. Hart ◽  
Leigh Aldous ◽  
Jason B. Harper
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Solvent Effects ◽  
Potential Application ◽  
Side Reactions ◽  
Ether Cleavage

An ionic liquid is used to facilitate ether cleavage without the presence of side reactions; the microscopic origins of the solvent effects are examined. Controlled cleavage of this kind of ether is relevant in the fractionation of lignin.

Syn elimination of alkyl selenoxides. Side reactions involving selenenic acids. Structural and solvent effects of rates

1978 ◽  
Vol 43 (9) ◽  
pp. 1697-1705 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans J. Reich ◽  
Susan Wollowitz ◽  
John E. Trend ◽  
Flora Chow ◽  
Daniel F. Wendelborn
Keyword(s):  
Solvent Effects ◽  
Side Reactions

ChemInform Abstract: SYN ELIMINATION OF ALKYL SELENOXIDES. SIDE REACTIONS INVOLVING SELENENIC ACIDS. STRUCTURAL AND SOLVENT EFFECTS OF RATES

1978 ◽  
Vol 9 (37) ◽  
Author(s):  
H. J. REICH ◽  
S. WOLLOWITZ ◽  
J. E. TREND ◽  
F. CHOW ◽  
D. F. WENDELBORN
Keyword(s):  
Solvent Effects ◽  
Side Reactions

Aldehyde gold clusters for molecular labeling

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 858-859
Author(s):  
James F. Hainfeld ◽  
Frederic R. Furuya
Keyword(s):  
Covalent Bond ◽  
Aldehyde Group ◽  
Gold Clusters ◽  
Side Reactions ◽  
Amino Groups ◽  
Sodium Cyanoborohydride ◽  
Schiff’S Base ◽  
Protein Molecules ◽  
Hydroxysuccinimide Esters ◽  
Primary Amino

Glutaraldehyde is a useful tissue and molecular fixing reagents. The aldehyde moiety reacts mainly with primary amino groups to form a Schiff's base, which is reversible but reasonably stable at pH 7; a stable covalent bond may be formed by reduction with, e.g., sodium cyanoborohydride (Fig. 1). The bifunctional glutaraldehyde, (CHO-(CH2)3-CHO), successfully stabilizes protein molecules due to generally plentiful amines on their surface; bovine serum albumin has 60; 59 lysines + 1 α-amino. With some enzymes, catalytic activity after fixing is preserved; with respect to antigens, glutaraldehyde treatment can compromise their recognition by antibodies in some cases. Complicating the chemistry somewhat are the reported side reactions, where glutaraldehyde reacts with other amino acid side chains, cysteine, histidine, and tyrosine. It has also been reported that glutaraldehyde can polymerize in aqueous solution. Newer crosslinkers have been found that are more specific for the amino group, such as the N-hydroxysuccinimide esters, and are commonly preferred for forming conjugates. However, most of these linkers hydrolyze in solution, so that the activity is lost over several hours, whereas the aldehyde group is stable in solution, and may have an advantage of overall efficiency.

Inhibition of Fibrinolysis and Fibrinogenolysis in Man: Comparison of ε-Aminocaproic Acid and Kallikrein Inhibitor

1963 ◽  
Vol 10 (01) ◽  
pp. 106-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Beck ◽  
R Schmutzler ◽  
F Duckert ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Aminocaproic Acid ◽  
Side Reactions ◽  
In Vitro Tests ◽  
Factor V ◽  
Clinical Use ◽  
Strong Inhibitor ◽  
Kallikrein Inhibitor ◽  
Therapeutic Possibilities

SummaryInhibitor of kallikrein and trypsin (KI) extracted from bovine parotis was compared with ε-aminocaproic acid (EACA): both substances inhibit fibrinolysis induced with streptokinase. EACA is a strong inhibitor of fibrinolysis in concentrations higher than 0, 1 mg per ml plasma. The same amount and higher concentrations are not able to inhibit completely the proteolytic-side reactions of fibrinolysis (fibrinogenolysis, diminution of factor V, rise of fibrin-polymerization-inhibitors). KI inhibits well proteolysis of plasma components in concentrations higher than 2,5 units per ml plasma. Much higher amounts of KI are needed to inhibit fibrinolysis as demonstrated by our in vivo and in vitro tests.Combination of the two substances for clinical use is suggested. Therapeutic possibilities are discussed.

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