Predictors of treatment outcome in individuals with eating disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract Background Eating disorders (ED) can reduce quality of life by limiting participation and performance in social and occupational roles, including paid or unpaid work. The association between ED pathologies and work participation and performance must be well understood to strengthen vocational rehabilitation programmes and prevent occupational disruptions in the ED population. The aims of this study are: (1) to examine the degree of association between ED pathologies and work participation and performance in 15-year-olds and older; (2) to highlight the specific ED symptoms that are most correlated with changes in work performance and participation; (3) to compile the most common metrics and assessments used to measure work participation and performance with ED. Methods Medline, Embase, CINAHL, Web of Science, PsycINFO, and Cochrane Library will be searched for observational and experimental studies that meet the following criteria: (1) a clinical sample of typical or atypical ED; (2) paid or unpaid employment or training; (3) an association between ED pathologies and work participation or performance. Unpublished data will also be examined. Title and abstract, and full-text screening will be conducted in duplicate. Risk of bias and quality of evidence assessments will be completed. A random-effect meta-analysis will be performed. Discussion This synthesis can clarify knowledge and gaps around the impact of ED on work functioning, thereby allowing better evaluation, improvements and development of current workplace assessments, interventions, and policies. Trial registration The registration number for this systematic review on PROSPERO is CRD42021255055.

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Childhood Tuberculosis Treatment Outcome and Its Association with HIV-Co infection in Ethiopia, A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

10.21203/rs.2.14156/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Getaneh Mulualem Belay ◽

Chalachew Adugna Wubneh

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Treatment Outcome ◽

Successful Treatment ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Tuberculosis Treatment ◽

World Health ◽

Successful Treatment Outcome ◽

Poor Treatment ◽

Poor Treatment Outcome ◽

Tuberculosis Treatment Outcome

Abstract Introduction Globally around one million children are infected with Tuberculosis. Childhood Tuberculosis is underestimated due diagnosis challenge. HIV infection can affect the TB disease progression and treatment outcome.Objectives The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to determine the pooled estimates of childhood tuberculosis treatment outcome and to analyze the impact of HIV-co infection.Methods We searched all available articles using PubMed, Google scholar and a web of science. Additionally, reference lists of included studies and Ethiopian institutional research repositories were used. Searching was limited to studies conducted in Ethiopia and published in English language. Cohort, cross-sectional and case-control studies were included. A weighted inverse variance random effects- model was used. The overall variations between studies were checked by heterogeneity test Higgins’s method (I 2 ). All included studies were assessed with the JBI quality appraisal criteria. Publication bias was checked with the funnel plot and Egger’s regression test.Result A total of 6 studies with 5,389 participants were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. The overall pooled estimate of successful treatment outcome was found to be 79.54% (95% CI: 73.00, 86.07). Of which 72.44% were treatment completed. Moreover, this study revealed that the treatment failure, defaulter and death were 0.15%, 5.36%, and 3.54%, respectively. Poor treatment outcome was higher among children with HIV co infection with an odds ratio of 3.15 (95% CI: 1.67, 5.94) as compared to HIV negative children.Conclusion The rate of successful treatment outcome of childhood tuberculosis in Ethiopia found to be low compared to the threshold suggested by the world health organization. HIV co infection is significantly associated with poor treatment outcome. Therefore, special attention better to be given for children infected with HIV.

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Treatment Outcome of Epileptic Patients Receiving Antiepileptic Drugs in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Behavioural Neurology ◽

10.1155/2021/5586041 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

Taklo Simeneh Yazie ◽

Belayneh Kefale ◽

Mulugeta Molla

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Treatment Outcome ◽

Antiepileptic Drugs ◽

Addis Ababa ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Age Groups ◽

Seizure Freedom ◽

Pharmacoresistant Epilepsy ◽

Pooled Prevalence ◽

Epileptic Patients

Background. The prevalence and incidence rate of epilepsy were found to be higher in low- and middle-income countries. Uncontrolled epilepsy has a high risk of disability, stigma, discrimination, human rights violations, and premature death. The available studies of controlled seizure in Ethiopia have showed inconsistent results which calls for systematic review and meta-analysis. Therefore, this review intended to show the pooled prevalence of controlled seizure among people with epilepsy receiving antiepileptic drugs at outpatient department. Methods. A systematic literature search was conducted using PubMed/Medline, Science Direct, PsycINFO, Hinnarri databases, and Google Scholar for grey literatures. Data were extracted with structured format prepared using Microsoft Excel and exported to Stata/MP 16.0 software for analyses. The I 2 test was used to check the heterogeneity between primary studies with a corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI). Results. A total of 23 primary studies were included in the review showing the pooled prevalence of controlled seizure to be 46% (95% CI: 35, 56). A subgroup analysis of the primary studies showed a considerable variation in magnitude of seizure freedom by study regions, age groups, and seizure-free period. The highest prevalence was found in Addis Ababa 52% (95% CI: 29, 75), pediatric patients 77% (95% CI: 71, 83), and a seizure-free period of less than six months 58% (95% CI: 32, 83). On the other hand, the lowest prevalence of controlled seizure was found in Tigray 27% (95% CI: 11, 65), adult patients 43% (95% CI: 32, 54), and a seizure-free period of six or more 41% (95% CI: 32, 51). Higher frequency of seizure before treatment (2.23, 95% CI: 1.15, 3.31) and medication nonadherence (2.7, 95% CI: 1.25, 4.15) had statistically significant association with uncontrolled seizure. Conclusion. In this review, the prevalence of controlled seizure was found to be low. This warrants that clinicians should give more focus to epileptic patients regarding monitoring and evaluation of treatment outcome of epilepsy and factors that affect seizure control in routine clinical services. The use of standardized definition of controlled seizure, designing strategies to identify pharmacoresistant epilepsy and its treatment, and increasing medication adherence are recommended in Ethiopia. The review protocol has been registered with PROSPERO registration number CRD42021215302.

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