scholarly journals Childhood Tuberculosis Treatment Outcome and Its Association with HIV-Co infection in Ethiopia, A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Getaneh Mulualem Belay ◽  
Chalachew Adugna Wubneh
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Treatment Outcome ◽  
Successful Treatment ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Tuberculosis Treatment ◽  
World Health ◽  
Successful Treatment Outcome ◽  
Poor Treatment ◽  
Poor Treatment Outcome ◽  
Tuberculosis Treatment Outcome

Abstract Introduction Globally around one million children are infected with Tuberculosis. Childhood Tuberculosis is underestimated due diagnosis challenge. HIV infection can affect the TB disease progression and treatment outcome.Objectives The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to determine the pooled estimates of childhood tuberculosis treatment outcome and to analyze the impact of HIV-co infection.Methods We searched all available articles using PubMed, Google scholar and a web of science. Additionally, reference lists of included studies and Ethiopian institutional research repositories were used. Searching was limited to studies conducted in Ethiopia and published in English language. Cohort, cross-sectional and case-control studies were included. A weighted inverse variance random effects- model was used. The overall variations between studies were checked by heterogeneity test Higgins’s method (I 2 ). All included studies were assessed with the JBI quality appraisal criteria. Publication bias was checked with the funnel plot and Egger’s regression test.Result A total of 6 studies with 5,389 participants were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. The overall pooled estimate of successful treatment outcome was found to be 79.54% (95% CI: 73.00, 86.07). Of which 72.44% were treatment completed. Moreover, this study revealed that the treatment failure, defaulter and death were 0.15%, 5.36%, and 3.54%, respectively. Poor treatment outcome was higher among children with HIV co infection with an odds ratio of 3.15 (95% CI: 1.67, 5.94) as compared to HIV negative children.Conclusion The rate of successful treatment outcome of childhood tuberculosis in Ethiopia found to be low compared to the threshold suggested by the world health organization. HIV co infection is significantly associated with poor treatment outcome. Therefore, special attention better to be given for children infected with HIV.

scholarly journals Clinical outcomes after estimated versus calculated activity of radioiodine for the treatment of hyperthyroidism: systematic review and meta-analysis

2009 ◽  
Vol 161 (5) ◽  
pp. 771-777 ◽  
Author(s):  
A de Rooij ◽  
J P Vandenbroucke ◽  
J W A Smit ◽  
M P M Stokkel ◽  
O M Dekkers
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Treatment Outcome ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Successful Treatment ◽  
Relative Frequency ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Estimation Methods ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Weighted Mean ◽  
Successful Treatment Outcome

BackgroundDespite the long experience with radioiodine for hyperthyroidism, controversy remains regarding the optimal method to determine the activity that is required to achieve long-term euthyroidism.ObjectivesTo compare the effect of estimated versus calculated activity of radioiodine in hyperthyroidism.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis.MethodsWe searched the databases Medline, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library for randomized and nonrandomized studies, comparing the effect of activity estimation methods with dosimetry for hyperthyroidism. The main outcome measure was the frequency of treatment success, defined as persistent euthyroidism after radioiodine treatment at the end of follow-up in the dose estimated and calculated dosimetry group. Furthermore, we assessed the cure rates of hyperthyroidism.ResultsThree randomized and five nonrandomized studies, comparing the effect of estimated versus calculated activity of radioiodine on clinical outcomes for the treatment of hyperthyroidism, were included. The weighted mean relative frequency of successful treatment outcome (euthyroidism) was 1.03 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.91–1.16) for estimated versus calculated activity; the weighted mean relative frequency of cure of hyperthyroidism (eu- or hypothyroidism) was 1.03 (95% CI 0.96–1.10). Subgroup analysis showed a relative frequency of euthyroidism of 1.03 (95% CI 0.84–1.26) for Graves' disease and of 1.05 (95% CI 0.91–1.19) for toxic multinodular goiter.ConclusionThe two main methods used to determine the activity in the treatment of hyperthyroidism with radioiodine, estimated and calculated, resulted in an equally successful treatment outcome. However, the heterogeneity of the included studies is a strong limitation that prevents a definitive conclusion from this meta-analysis.

scholarly journals Meta-analysis: hoarding symptoms associated with poor treatment outcome in obsessive–compulsive disorder

2014 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 1025-1030 ◽  
Author(s):  
M H Bloch ◽  
C A Bartley ◽  
L Zipperer ◽  
E Jakubovski ◽  
A Landeros-Weisenberger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Outcome ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Poor Treatment ◽  
Poor Treatment Outcome

scholarly journals Treatment outcomes of drug susceptible Tuberculosis in private health facilities in Lagos, South-West Nigeria

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. e0244581
Author(s):  
Olanrewaju Oladimeji ◽  
Victor Adepoju ◽  
Felix Emeka Anyiam ◽  
James Emmanuel San ◽  
Babatunde A. Odugbemi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Treatment Outcome ◽  
Treatment Outcomes ◽  
Successful Treatment ◽  
Health Facilities ◽  
World Health ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Private Hospitals ◽  
Successful Treatment Outcome ◽  
Tb Treatment

Background The Lagos State Tuberculosis, Buruli Ulcer, and Leprosy Control Program (LSTBLCP) started engaging private hospitals under the Public-Private Mix (PPM) Program in 2008. The study aimed to evaluate the trend and predictors of successful Tuberculosis (TB) treatment outcomes of patients managed across these private health facilities between 2010–2016 in Lagos, Nigeria. Methods Retrospective review of TB treatment register and treatment cards of patients commenced on TB treatment between January 2010 and December 2016 in 36 private health facilities engaged by the LSTBLCP. Between December 2016 and February 2017, data were collected and entered into Microsoft Excel by trained data entry clerks. The analysis was done using SPSS software. Independent predictors of successful treatment outcomes were determined using multivariate analysis at the statistical significance of p<0.05 and 95% confidence interval. Results A total of 1660 records of TB patients were reviewed. 1535 (92.47%) commenced treatment, while 1337 (87.10%) of all records had documented treatment outcomes. Of the 1337 patients with outcomes, 1044 (78.09%) had a successful treatment outcome, and 293 (21.91%) had an unsuccessful outcome. Majority were male, 980 (59.04%), Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) negative status, 1295 (80.24%), diagnosed with smear, 1141 (73.14%), treated in private not-for-profit (PNFP) hospital, 1097 (66.08%), treated for TB between 2014–2016 (18.96%-19.52%). In multivariate analysis, age>20years (aOR = 0.26, p = 0.001), receiving TB treatment in 2013 (aOR = 0.39, p = 0.001), having genexpert for TB diagnosis (aOR = 0.26, p = 0.031) and being HIV positive (aOR = 0.37, p = 0.001) significantly reduced likelihood of successful treatment outcome. The site of TB, being on ART or CPT, were confounding determinants of successful treatment outcomes as they became non-significant at the multivariate analysis level. Conclusion Treatment outcome among Lagos private hospitals was low compared with NTBLCP and World Health Organization (WHO) target. We urge the government and TB stakeholders to strengthen the PPM interventions to improve adherence, particularly among People Living with HIV (PLHIV) and older TB patients. Hence, promotion of early care-seeking, improving diagnostic and case holding efficiencies of health facilities, and TB/HIV collaborative interventions can reduce the risk of an unsuccessful outcome.

scholarly journals Treatment Outcomes of Tuberculosis Retreatment Case and Its Determinants in West Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-64
Author(s):  
Mohammed Gebre Dedefo ◽  
Meti Teressa Sirata ◽  
Balisa Mosisa Ejeta ◽  
Getu Bayisa Wakjira ◽  
Ginenus Fekadu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Outcome ◽  
Treatment Outcomes ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
World Health ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Retreatment Case ◽  
Poor Treatment ◽  
Poor Treatment Outcome

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a major public health concern in the developing world. World Health Organization’s (WHO’s) list of 30 high TB burden countries accounted for 87% of the world’s cases. The annual infection rate in developing countries reached 2% or more; where as in developed countries this figure is 0.5%. Objective: The objective of this study is to assess treatment outcomes of tuberculosis retreatment case and its determinants at Nekemte Referral Hospital (NRH), West Ethiopia. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted. All registered adult TB patients under retreatment regimen who were treated at NRH TB clinics from January 2014 to December 2017 were included in this study. A multiple logistic regression was used to assess the significance and strength of association. A P-value <0.05 was used as statistically significant. Results: The prevalence of retreatment case was 12.12%. Of 219 study participants 159(72.6%) were patients with relapse, 43(19.6%) were with retreatment after failure and 17(7.8%) were patients who return after loss to follow-up. On multivariable logistic analysis poor treatment outcome was more likely to occur among patients with positive Acid Fast Bacilli (AFB) result at 5th month (Adjusted odds ratio (AOR =4.3, 95%, (1.8-10.0) p=0.001) and patients taking category 1 (2ERHZ/4RH) drugs (AOR=2.1, 95% CI= (1.1-4.5) p=0.048). Conclusion: This study showed that treatment outcomes of TB retreatment case were below standard set by the WHO. Factors that were significantly associated with poor treatment outcome were positive AFB resulting at 5th month and patients on category 1(2ERHZ/4RH).

scholarly journals Tuberculosis treatment outcome monitoring in European Union countries: systematic review

2012 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 635-643 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rob van Hest ◽  
Csaba Ködmön ◽  
Suzanne Verver ◽  
Connie G.M. Erkens ◽  
Masja Straetemans ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
European Union ◽  
Treatment Outcome ◽  
Tuberculosis Treatment ◽  
Outcome Monitoring ◽  
European Union Countries ◽  
Tuberculosis Treatment Outcome
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