scholarly journals The Influence of South Pacific Convergence Zone Heating on the South Pacific Subtropical Anticyclone and Southern Hemisphere Storm Tracks

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdullah A. Fahad ◽  
Natalie J. Burls ◽  
Erik T. Swenson ◽  
David M. Straus
Keyword(s):  
Southern Hemisphere ◽  
South Pacific ◽  
South Pacific Convergence Zone ◽  
Storm Tracks ◽  
Convergence Zone ◽  
The South ◽  
Subtropical Anticyclone

scholarly journals The Influence of South Pacific Convergence Zone Heating on the South Pacific Subtropical Anticyclone

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-38
Author(s):  
Abdullah A. Fahad ◽  
Natalie J. Burls ◽  
Erik T. Swenson ◽  
David M. Straus
Keyword(s):  
Southern Hemisphere ◽  
Wave Train ◽  
Austral Summer ◽  
South Pacific ◽  
South Pacific Convergence Zone ◽  
Convergence Zone ◽  
The South ◽  
Sea Level Pressure ◽  
Subtropical Anticyclone ◽  
South Indian

AbstractSubtropical anticyclones and midlatitude storm tracks are key components of the large-scale atmospheric circulation. Focusing on the southern hemisphere, the seasonality of the three dominant subtropical anticyclones, situated over the South Pacific, South Atlantic, and South Indian Ocean basins, has a large influence on local weather and climate within South America, Southern Africa, and Australia, respectively. Generally speaking, sea level pressure within the southern hemisphere subtropics reaches its seasonal maximum during the winter season when the southern hemisphere Hadley Cell is at its strongest. One exception to this is the seasonal evolution of the South Pacific subtropical anticyclone. While winter maxima are seen in the South Atlantic and South Indian subtropical anticyclones, the South Pacific subtropical anticyclone reaches its seasonal maximum during local spring with elevated values extending into summer. In this study, we investigate the hypothesis that the strength of the austral summer South Pacific subtropical anticyclone is largely due to heating over the South Pacific Convergence Zone. Using added cooling and heating atmospheric-general-circulation-model experiments to artificially change the strength of austral summer diabatic heating over the South Pacific Convergence Zone, our results show that increased heating, through increased upper-level divergence, triggers a Rossby wave train that extends into the Southern Hemisphere mid-latitudes. This propagating Rossby wave train creates a high-low sea level pressure pattern that projects onto the center of the South Pacific Subtropical Anticyclone to intensify its area and strength.

Impacts of Detoured Madden-Julian Oscillations on the South Pacific Convergence Zone

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-41
Author(s):  
Lei Zhou ◽  
Ruomei Ruan ◽  
Raghu Murtugudde
Keyword(s):  
Southern Hemisphere ◽  
Rossby Waves ◽  
South Pacific ◽  
South Pacific Convergence Zone ◽  
Boreal Winter ◽  
Convergence Zone ◽  
The South ◽  
Maritime Continent ◽  
Meridional Winds ◽  
Southern Pacific Ocean

AbstractMadden-Julian Oscillations (MJOs) are a major component of tropical intraseasonal variabilities. There are two paths for MJOs across the Maritime Continent; one is a detoured route into the Southern Hemisphere and the other one is around the equator across the Maritime Continent. Here, it is shown that the detoured and non-detoured MJOs have significantly different impacts on the South Pacific convergence zone (SPCZ). The detoured MJOs trigger strong cross-equatorial meridional winds from the Northern Hemisphere into the Southern Hemisphere. The associated meridional moisture and energy transports due to the background states carried by the intraseasonal meridional winds are favorable for reinforcing the SPCZ. In contrast, the influences of non-detoured MJOs on either hemisphere or the meridional transports across the equator are much weaker. The detoured MJOs can extend their impacts to the surrounding regions by shedding Rossby waves. Due to different background vorticity during detoured MJOs in boreal winter, more ray paths of Rossby waves traverse the Maritime Continent connecting the southern Pacific Ocean and the eastern Indian Ocean, but far fewer Rossby wave paths traverse Australia. Further studies on such processes are expected to contribute to a better understanding of extreme climate and natural disasters on the rim of the southern Pacific and Indian Oceans.

scholarly journals Millennial-scale precipitation variability over Easter Island (South Pacific) during MIS 3: inter-hemispheric teleconnections with North Atlantic abrupt cold events

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 1407-1435 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Margalef ◽  
I. Cacho ◽  
S. Pla-Rabes ◽  
N. Cañellas-Boltà ◽  
J. J. Pueyo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Southern Hemisphere ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
Storm Track ◽  
South Pacific ◽  
Easter Island ◽  
South Pacific Convergence Zone ◽  
Convergence Zone ◽  
The South ◽  
Mis 3 ◽  
Millennial Scale

Abstract. Marine Isotope Stage 3 (MIS 3, 59.4–27.8 kyr BP) is characterized by the occurrence of rapid millennial-scale climate oscillations known as Dansgaard–Oeschger cycles (DO) and by abrupt cooling events in the North Atlantic known as Heinrich events. Although both the timing and dynamics of these events have been broadly explored in North Atlantic records, the response of the tropical and subtropical latitudes to these rapid climatic excursions, particularly in the Southern Hemisphere, still remains unclear. The Rano Aroi peat record (Easter Island, 27° S) provides a unique opportunity to understand atmospheric and oceanic changes in the South Pacific during these DO cycles because of its singular location, which is influenced by the South Pacific Anticyclone (SPA), the Southern Westerlies (SW), and the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) linked to the South Pacific Convergence Zone (SPCZ). The Rano Aroi sequence records 6 major events of enhanced precipitation between 38 and 65 kyr BP. These events are compared with other hydrological records from the tropical and subtropical band supporting a coherent regional picture, with the dominance of humid conditions in Southern Hemisphere tropical band during Heinrich Stadials (HS) 5, 5a and 6 and other Stadials while dry conditions prevailed in the Northern tropics. This antiphased hydrological pattern between hemispheres has been attributed to ITCZ migration, which in turn might be associated with an eastward expansion of the SPCZ storm track, leading to an increased intensity of cyclogenic storms reaching Easter Island. Low Pacific Sea Surface Temperature (SST) gradients across the Equator were coincident with the here-defined Rano Aroi humid events and consistent with a reorganization of Southern Pacific atmospheric and oceanic circulation also at higher latitudes during Heinrich and Dansgaard–Oeschger stadials.

scholarly journals The South Pacific Convergence Zone in three decades of satellite images

2013 ◽  
Vol 118 (19) ◽  
pp. 10,839-10,849 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colene Haffke ◽  
Gudrun Magnusdottir
Keyword(s):  
Satellite Images ◽  
South Pacific ◽  
South Pacific Convergence Zone ◽  
Convergence Zone ◽  
The South

Origin of the South Pacific Convergence Zone

1989 ◽  
Vol 2 (10) ◽  
pp. 1185-1195 ◽  
Author(s):  
George N. Kiladis ◽  
Hans von Storch ◽  
Harryvan Loon
Keyword(s):  
South Pacific ◽  
South Pacific Convergence Zone ◽  
Convergence Zone ◽  
The South

scholarly journals Extreme swings of the South Pacific Convergence Zone and the different types of El Niño events

2014 ◽  
Vol 41 (13) ◽  
pp. 4695-4703 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Borlace ◽  
Agus Santoso ◽  
Wenju Cai ◽  
Matt Collins
Keyword(s):  
El Niño ◽  
El Nino ◽  
South Pacific ◽  
South Pacific Convergence Zone ◽  
Convergence Zone ◽  
The South ◽  
Different Types ◽  
El Niño Events ◽  
El Nino Events

Tracking the extent of the South Pacific Convergence Zone since the early 1600s

2006 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. n/a-n/a ◽  
Author(s):  
Braddock K. Linsley ◽  
Alexey Kaplan ◽  
Yves Gouriou ◽  
Jim Salinger ◽  
Peter B. deMenocal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Pacific ◽  
South Pacific Convergence Zone ◽  
Convergence Zone ◽  
The South
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