scholarly journals Thermal modeling of three lakes within continuous permafrost zone in Alaska using LAKE 2.0 model

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason Clark ◽  
Ken Tape ◽  
Elchin Jafarov ◽  
Benjamin Jones ◽  
Victor Stepanenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Modeling ◽  
Permafrost Zone ◽  
Continuous Permafrost

Annual Carbon Gas Emissions from a Boreal Peatland in Continuous Permafrost Zone, Northeast China

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 456-463 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuqing Miao ◽  
Changchun Song ◽  
Xianwei Wang ◽  
Henan Meng ◽  
Li Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Northeast China ◽  
Permafrost Zone ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Continuous Permafrost ◽  
Annual Carbon

scholarly journals Dissolved organic carbon and major and trace elements in peat porewater of sporadic, discontinuous, and continuous permafrost zones of western Siberia

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (14) ◽  
pp. 3561-3584 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana V. Raudina ◽  
Sergey V. Loiko ◽  
Artyom G. Lim ◽  
Ivan V. Krickov ◽  
Liudmila S. Shirokova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Western Siberia ◽  
Peat Soil ◽  
Major And Trace Elements ◽  
Permafrost Zone ◽  
Discontinuous Permafrost ◽  
Latitudinal Transect ◽  
Soil Solutions ◽  
Continuous Permafrost

Abstract. Mobilization of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and related trace elements (TEs) from the frozen peat to surface waters in the permafrost zone is expected to enhance under ongoing permafrost thaw and active layer thickness (ALT) deepening in high-latitude regions. The interstitial soil solutions are efficient tracers of ongoing bio-geochemical processes in the critical zone and can help to decipher the intensity of carbon and metals migration from the soil to the rivers and further to the ocean. To this end, we collected, across a 640 km latitudinal transect of the sporadic to continuous permafrost zone of western Siberia peatlands, soil porewaters from 30 cm depth using suction cups and we analyzed DOC, dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), and 40 major elements and TEs in 0.45 µm filtered fraction of 80 soil porewaters. Despite an expected decrease in the intensity of DOC and TE mobilization from the soil and vegetation litter to the interstitial fluids with the increase in the permafrost coverage and a decrease in the annual temperature and ALT, the DOC and many major and trace elements did not exhibit any distinct decrease in concentration along the latitudinal transect from 62.2 to 67.4° N. The DOC demonstrated a maximum of concentration at 66° N, on the border of the discontinuous/continuous permafrost zone, whereas the DOC concentration in peat soil solutions from the continuous permafrost zone was equal to or higher than that in the sporadic/discontinuous permafrost zone. Moreover, a number of major (Ca, Mg) and trace (Al, Ti, Sr, Ga, rare earth elements (REEs), Zr, Hf, Th) elements exhibited an increasing, not decreasing, northward concentration trend. We hypothesize that the effects of temperature and thickness of the ALT are of secondary importance relative to the leaching capacity of peat, which is in turn controlled by the water saturation of the peat core. The water residence time in peat pores also plays a role in enriching the fluids in some elements: the DOC, V, Cu, Pb, REEs, and Th were a factor of 1.5 to 2.0 higher in mounds relative to hollows. As such, it is possible that the time of reaction between the peat and downward infiltrating waters essentially controls the degree of peat porewater enrichments in DOC and other solutes. A 2° northward shift in the position of the permafrost boundaries may bring about a factor of 1.3 ± 0.2 decrease in Ca, Mg, Sr, Al, Fe, Ti, Mn, Ni, Co, V, Zr, Hf, Th, and REE porewater concentration in continuous and discontinuous permafrost zones, and a possible decrease in DOC, specific ultraviolet absorbency (SUVA), Ca, Mg, Fe, and Sr will not exceed 20 % of their current values. The projected increase in ALT and vegetation density, northward migration of the permafrost boundary, or the change of hydrological regime is unlikely to modify chemical composition of peat porewater fluids larger than their natural variations within different micro-landscapes, i.e., within a factor of 2. The decrease in DOC and metal delivery to small rivers and lakes by peat soil leachate may also decrease the overall export of dissolved components from the continuous permafrost zone to the Arctic Ocean. This challenges the current paradigm on the increase in DOC export from the land to the ocean under climate warming in high latitudes.

scholarly journals Terrestrial Water Storage Changes of Permafrost in the Three-River Source Region of the Tibetan Plateau, China

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Xu ◽  
Shichang Kang ◽  
Qiudong Zhao ◽  
Jiazhen Li
Keyword(s):  
Water Balance ◽  
Water Cycle ◽  
Source Region ◽  
Water Storage ◽  
Permafrost Zone ◽  
The Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Continuous Permafrost ◽  
Terrestrial Water ◽  
Gravity Recovery ◽  
Storage Change

Changes in permafrost influence water balance exchanges in watersheds of cryosphere. Water storage change (WSC) is an important factor in water cycle. We used Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) satellite data to retrieve WSC in the Three-River Source Region and subregions. WSC in four types of permafrost (continuous, seasonal, island, and patchy permafrost) was analyzed during 2003–2010. The result showed that WSC had significant change; it increased by9.06±0.01 mm/a (21.89±0.02×109 m3) over the Three-River Source Region during the study period. The most significant changes of WSC were in continuous permafrost zone, with a total amount of about13.94±0.48×109 m3. The spatial distribution of WSC was in state of gain in the continuous permafrost zone, whereas it was in a state of loss in the other permafrost zones. Little changes of precipitation and runoff occurred in study area, but the WSC increased significantly, according to water balance equation, the changes of runoff and water storage were subtracted from changes of precipitation, and the result showed that changes of evaporation is minus which means the evaporation decreased in the Three-River Source Region during 2003–2010.

scholarly journals Dissolved organic carbon, major and trace element in peat pore water of sporadic, discontinuous and continuous permafrost zone of Western Siberia

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana V. Raudina ◽  
Sergey V. Loiko ◽  
Artyom Lim ◽  
Ivan V. Krickov ◽  
Liudmila S. Shirokova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Dissolved Organic Carbon ◽  
Pore Water ◽  
Western Siberia ◽  
Permafrost Zone ◽  
Discontinuous Permafrost ◽  
Peat Pore Water ◽  
Latitudinal Transect ◽  
Soil Solutions ◽  
Continuous Permafrost

Abstract. Mobilization of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and related trace elements (TE) from the frozen peat to surface waters in the permafrost zone is one the major consequence of on-going permafrost thaw and active layer thickness (ALT) rise in high latitude regions. The interstitial soil solutions are efficient tracers of on-going bio-geochemical processes in the critical zone and can help to decipher the intensity of carbon and metals migration from the soil to the rivers and further to the ocean. To this end, we collected, across a 640 km latitudinal transect of sporadic to continuous permafrost zone of western Siberia peatlands, soil porewaters from 30 cm depth using suction cups and we analyzed DOC, DIC and 40 major and TE in 0.45 µm filtered fraction of 80 soil porewaters. Despite an expected decrease of the intensity of DOC and TE mobilization from the soil and vegetation litter to the interstitial fluids with the increase of the permafrost coverage, decrease in the annual temperature and ALT, the DOC and many major and trace element did not exhibit any distinct decrease in concentration along the latitudinal transect from 62.2° N to 67.4° N. The DOC demonstrated a maximum of concentration at 66° N, on the border of discontinuous/continuous permafrost zone, whereas the DOC concentration in peat soil solutions from continuous permafrost zone was equal or higher than that in sporadic/discontinuous permafrost zone. Moreover, a number of major (Ca, Mg) and trace (Al, Ti, Sr, Ga, REEs, Zr, Hf, Th) elements exhibited an increasing, not decreasing northward concentration trend. We hypothesize that the effect of temperature and thickness of the ALT are of secondary importance relative to the leaching capacity of peat which is in turn controlled by the water saturation of the peat core. The water residence time in peat pores also plays a role in enriching the fluids in some elements: the DOC, V, Cu, Pb, REE, Th were a factor of 1.5 to 2.0 higher in mounds relative to hollows. As such, it is possible that the time of reaction between the peat and downward infiltrating waters essentially controls the degree of peat pore-water enrichments in DOC and other solutes. A two-degree northward shift in the position of the permafrost boundaries may bring about a factor of 1.3 decrease in Ca, Mg, Sr, Al, Fe, Ti, Mn, Ni, Co, V, Zr, Hf, Th and REE porewater concentration in continuous and discontinuous permafrost zones, and a possible decrease in DOC, SUVA, Ca, Mg, Fe and Sr will not exceed 20 % of their actual values. The projected increase of ALT and vegetation density, northward migration of the permafrost boundary, or the change of hydrological regime are unlikely to modify chemical composition of peat pore water fluids larger than their natural variations within different micro-landscapes, i.e., within a factor of 2.

scholarly journals Seasonal methane emission from a boreal peatland in continuous permafrost zone of Northeast China: effects of active layer depth and vegetation

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 6751-6775
Author(s):  
Y. Miao ◽  
C. Song ◽  
L. Sun ◽  
X. Wang ◽  
H. Meng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pore Water ◽  
Water Table ◽  
Active Layer ◽  
Northeast China ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Permafrost Zone ◽  
Layer Depth ◽  
Ch4 Emissions ◽  
Boreal Peatlands ◽  
Continuous Permafrost

Abstract. Boreal peatlands are significant natural sources of methane and especially vulnerable to abrupt climate change. However, the controlling factors of CH4 emission in boreal peatlands are still unclear. In this study, we investigated CH4 fluxes and abiotic factors (temperature, water table depth, active layer depth, and dissolved CH4 concentrations in pore water) during the growing seasons in 2010 and 2011 both in shrub-sphagnum- and sedge-dominated plant communities in continuous permafrost zone of Northeast China. The objective of our study was to examine the effects of vegetation types and abiotic factors on CH4 fluxes from a boreal peatland. In Eriophorum-dominated community, mean CH4 emissions were 1.015 and 0.801 mg m−2 h−1 in 2010 and 2011, respectively. CH4 fluxes (0.384 mg m−2 h−1) released from the shrub-mosses-dominated community were lower than that from Eriophorum-dominated community. Moreover, in Eriophorum-dominated community, CH4 fluxes showed a significant temporal pattern with a peak value in late August both in 2010 and 2011. However, no distinct seasonal variation was observed in the CH4 flux in the shrub-mosses-dominated community. Interestingly, both in Eriophorum- and shrub-sphagnum-dominated communities, CH4 fluxes did not show close correlation with air or soil temperature and water table depth, whereas CH4 emissions correlated well to active layer depth and CH4 concentration in soil pore water, especially in Eriophorum-dominated community. Our results suggest that CH4 released from the thawed CH4-rich permafrost layer may be a key factor controlling CH4 emissions in boreal peatlands, and highlight that CH4 fluxes vary with vegetation type in boreal peatlands.

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