Quantum mechanical reference spectrum simulation for precursors and degradation products of chemicals relevant to the Chemical Weapons Convention

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harri Koskela ◽  
Samir F. de A. Cavalcante ◽  
Samim Ahmed ◽  
Paula Vanninen
Keyword(s):  
Degradation Products ◽  
Quantum Mechanical ◽  
Chemical Weapons ◽  
Reference Spectrum ◽  
Chemical Weapons Convention ◽  
Spectrum Simulation

scholarly journals Evidence of VX nerve agent use from contaminated white mustard plants

2014 ◽  
Vol 470 (2168) ◽  
pp. 20140076 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew R. Gravett ◽  
Farrha B. Hopkins ◽  
Adam J. Self ◽  
Andrew J. Webb ◽  
Christopher M. Timperley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Degradation Products ◽  
Chemical Warfare Agents ◽  
Nerve Agent ◽  
Methylphosphonic Acid ◽  
Chemical Weapons ◽  
White Mustard ◽  
Chemical Weapons Convention ◽  
Warfare Agents ◽  
Polluted Sites ◽  
Ethanol Extracts

The Chemical Weapons Convention prohibits the development, production, acquisition, stockpiling, retention, transfer or use of chemical weapons by Member States. Verification of compliance and investigations into allegations of use require accurate detection of chemical warfare agents (CWAs) and their degradation products. Detection of CWAs such as organophosphorus nerve agents in the environment relies mainly upon the analysis of soil. We now present a method for the detection of the nerve agent VX and its hydrolysis products by gas chromatography and liquid chromatography mass spectrometry of ethanol extracts of contaminated white mustard plants ( Sinapis alba ) which retained the compounds of interest for up to 45 days. VX is hydrolysed by the plants to ethyl methylphosphonic acid and then to methylphosphonic acid. The utility of white mustard as a nerve agent detector and remediator of nerve agent-polluted sites is discussed. The work described will help deter the employment of VX in conflict.

A Comparative Study of the Legal Implementation of the Chemical Weapons Convention in Foreign Jurisdictions

1993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward A. Tanzman ◽  
David Gualtieri ◽  
Barry Kellman ◽  
M. C. Bassiouni
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Chemical Weapons ◽  
Chemical Weapons Convention
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