Artificial fertilization of gametes from the South African clawed frog, Xenopus laevis

1980 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. G. Hollinger ◽  
G. L. Corton
Keyword(s):  
Xenopus Laevis ◽  
South African ◽  
The South ◽  
African Clawed Frog ◽  
Artificial Fertilization ◽  
Clawed Frog

scholarly journals Urocortins of the South African Clawed Frog, Xenopus laevis: Conservation of Structure and Function in Tetrapod Evolution

Endocrinology ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 146 (11) ◽  
pp. 4851-4860 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graham C. Boorse ◽  
Erica J. Crespi ◽  
Frank M. Dautzenberg ◽  
Robert J. Denver
Keyword(s):  
Xenopus Laevis ◽  
South African ◽  
The South ◽  
Functional Relationships ◽  
African Clawed Frog ◽  
Urocortin 1 ◽  
Crf2 Receptor ◽  
Urocortin 3 ◽  
And Function ◽  
Clawed Frog

Several corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) family genes have been identified in vertebrates. Mammals have four paralogous genes that encode CRF or the urocortins 1, 2, and 3. In teleost fishes, a CRF, urotensin I (a fish ortholog of mammalian urocortin 1) and urocortin 3 have been identified, suggesting that at least three of the four mammalian lineages arose in a common ancestor of modern bony fishes and tetrapods. Here we report the isolation of genes orthologous to mammalian urocortin 1 and urocortin 3 from the South African clawed frog, Xenopus laevis. We characterize the pharmacology of the frog peptides and show that X. laevis urocortin 1 binds to and activates the frog CRF1 and CRF2 receptors at picomolar concentrations. Similar to mammals, frog urocortin 3 is selective for the CRF2 receptor. Only frog urocortin 1 binds to the CRF-binding protein, although with significantly lower affinity than frog CRF. Both urocortin genes are expressed in brain, pituitary, heart, and kidney of juvenile frogs; urocortin 1 is also expressed in skin. We also identified novel urocortin sequences in the genomes of pufferfish, zebrafish, chicken, and dog. Phylogenetic analysis supports the view that four paralogous lineages of CRF-like peptides arose before the divergence of the actinopterygian and sarcopterygian fishes. Our findings show that the functional relationships among CRF ligands and binding proteins, and their anorexigenic actions mediated by the CRF2 receptor, arose early in vertebrate evolution.

scholarly journals Unequal contribution of native South African phylogeographic lineages to the invasion of the African clawed frog,Xenopus laevis, in Europe

PeerJ ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. e1659 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlotte De Busschere ◽  
Julien Courant ◽  
Anthony Herrel ◽  
Rui Rebelo ◽  
Dennis Rödder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Xenopus Laevis ◽  
South African ◽  
Nuclear Dna ◽  
Phylogeographic Structure ◽  
Western Cape ◽  
The South ◽  
African Clawed Frog ◽  
Northern Regions ◽  
Clawed Frog

Due to both deliberate and accidental introductions, invasive African Clawed Frog (Xenopus laevis) populations have become established worldwide. In this study, we investigate the geographic origins of invasiveX. laevispopulations in France and Portugal using the phylogeographic structure ofX. laevisin its native South African range. In total, 80 individuals from the whole area known to be invaded in France and Portugal were analysed for two mitochondrial and three nuclear genes, allowing a comparison with 185 specimens from the native range. Our results show that native phylogeographic lineages have contributed differently to invasive EuropeanX. laevispopulations. In Portugal, genetic and historical data suggest a single colonization event involving a small number of individuals from the south-western Cape region in South Africa. In contrast, French invasiveX. laevisencompass two distinct native phylogeographic lineages, i.e., one from the south-western Cape region and one from the northern regions of South Africa. The FrenchX. laevispopulation is the first example of aX. laevisinvasion involving multiple lineages. Moreover, the lack of population structure based on nuclear DNA suggests a potential role for admixture within the invasive French population.

scholarly journals Leptin (ob gene) of the South African clawed frog Xenopus laevis

2006 ◽  
Vol 103 (26) ◽  
pp. 10092-10097 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. J. Crespi ◽  
R. J. Denver
Keyword(s):  
Xenopus Laevis ◽  
South African ◽  
The South ◽  
Ob Gene ◽  
African Clawed Frog ◽  
Clawed Frog

Ontogeny of vasotocinergic and mesotocinergic systems in the brain of the South African clawed frog Xenopus laevis

1995 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. González ◽  
A. Mun˜oz ◽  
M. Mun˜oz ◽  
O. Marín ◽  
W.J.A.J. Smeets
Keyword(s):  
Xenopus Laevis ◽  
South African ◽  
The South ◽  
African Clawed Frog ◽  
Clawed Frog ◽  
The Brain
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