Polypropylene is an extremely versatile thermoplastic polymer known for its good performance/price ratio, ex-cellent heat, moisture and chemical resistance, favorable processing characteristics and recyclability. Due to its uni-versal properties, polypropylene is applied in numerous industrial fields such as electronic and electrical, automobile, textile, pipeline, etc. Furthermore, the progress in its synthesis and property modification in the last decade has con-tributed to the development of new polypropylene based materials with advanced performance. This review aims at reporting on some recent developments in polypropylene based materials, such as nanofibers, natural fiber reinforced composites, self-reinforced polypropylene and polypropylene/clay hybrids, that have replaced many types of engi-neering thermoplastics in high-performance applications.