Automobile Industry under China’s Carbon Peaking and Carbon Neutrality Goals: Challenges, Opportunities, and Coping Strategies

China has already committed to peaking carbon dioxide emissions by 2030 and achieving carbon neutrality by 2060 (referred to as the 30·60 Target), which has brought both daunting challenges and great opportunities to the automobile industry in China. However, there is still a lack of comprehensive and in-depth studies on the challenges, paths, and strategies for reducing carbon emissions to fulfill the 30·60 Target in automobile industries. Therefore, this paper proposes low-carbon development strategies for China’s automobile industry. This study’s method is to integrate the results from different literature to summarize the status, challenges, opportunities, and refine the coping strategies for carbon emission of the automobile industry. The results indicated that the paths for achieving the 30·60 Target include joint carbon emission reduction by upstream and downstream enterprises inside the industry. It also needs cross-industry and cross-sector coordinated decarbonization outside the industry. Meanwhile, the low-carbon policy and regulation system should be established to provide a direct driving force and fundamental guarantee for the low-carbon development of China’s automobile industry.

Design and Structural Simulations of a Custom Li-Po Accumulator for Low Range, Lightweight, Single-Seater, Open Cockpit, and Open-Wheeled Racecar

Electric, hybrid, and fuel cell vehicles are the future of the automobile industry, and power source design is one of the most crucial steps in designing these vehicles. This paper aims to design and structurally simulate a custom accumulator—which powers an electric vehicle, for a lightweight, single-seater formula-style racecar. The work is dependent on the model-based design and CAD model approach. Mathematical modeling on SCILAB is used to model equations to get the characteristics of the accumulator, such as the energy, capacity, current, voltage, state of charge, and discharge rates. The output of this model gives the configuration of the battery pack as several cells in series and parallel to adequately power the tractive system. An accumulator container is designed to safeguard the cells from external impacts and vibrational loads, which otherwise can lead to safety hazards. Following this, the Finite Element Analysis (FEA) performed on the accumulator resulted in maximum peak deformation of 0.56 mm, ensuring the safety check against various external loads. Further, the finer stability of the battery pack was virtually validated after performing the vibrational analysis, resulting in a deformation of 3.5493 mm at a 1760.8 Hz frequency.

Extraordinary Passive Safety in Cars Using a Sensor Network Model

Context: The automobile industry has included active and passive safety. Active safety incorporates elements to avoid crashes and collisions. Some elements are ABS brakes and stabilization bars, among others. On the other hand, passive safety avoids or minimizes damage to the occupants in the event of an accident. Some passive safety features include seat belts and front and curtain airbags for the driver and other occupants. Method: In this research work, we propose a new category called Extraordinary Passive Safety (XPS). A model of a sensor network was designed to inspect the conditions inside the car to detect fire, smoke, gases, and extreme temperatures. The sensors send data to a device (DXPS) capable of receiving and storing the data. Results: Each sensor collects data and sends it to the DXPS every period. The sensor sends 0s while there is no risk, and 1s when it detects a risk. When the DXPS receives a 1, the pattern is evaluated, and the risk is identified. Since there are several sensors, the reading pattern is a set of 0s (000000). When a pattern with one or more 1s (000100, 010101) is received, the DXPS can send an alert or activate a device. Conclusions: The proposed solution could save the lives of children left in the car or people trapped when the car catches fire. As future work, it is intended to define the devices to avoid or minimize damage to the occupants such as oxygen supply, gas extraction, regulating the temperature, among others.

Revenue and operational, financial performance of the leading Indian automobile companies of India: A relational mutual analysis

The operational and financial performance of the business organization is to be measured by its revenue, profit-earning capacity, and financial soundness to pay its debts. The profit of a business organization depends on the level of activities or revenue while the earning capacity defines and accelerates the absolute profit. Also, the financial soundness facilitates the resources and working capital to run the business activities to earn the profit. The operational efficiency enhances the profit margin while financial soundness increases the absolute profit by lifting the production level. The financial resources, operational efficiency, and revenue govern the profit of a business organization. The Indian automobile industry is the most prominent and contributing sector in the Indian economy. The study considers the relationship of revenue and profitability, financial resources to determine the relationship and mutual governance of revenue and profitability and revenue and financial resources. Financial ratios and statistical tools i.e. gross profitability and mean, coefficient of variation, rank correlation, and fixed base index applied to analyze the data of leading Indian automobile companies for the period 2011 to 2020. The study finds that the profitability and growth of the smaller leading Indian automobile companies are better than the higher revenue companies. Total resources or capital employed governs the revenue of the Indian automobile companies. The study recommends the study of cost composition of products of lower revenue leading Indian automobile companies.

Industrial Automation Using Mobile Cyber Physical Systems

In recent years, the rise in the demand for quality products and services along with systems that could integrate the control mechanisms with high computational capabilities led to the evolution of cyber-physical systems (CPS). Due to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, several industries have remained closed, causing several monetary losses. Automation can help in such scenarios to keep the industries up and running in a way that the system could be monitored and controlled remotely using voice. The chapter deals with the integration of both industrial automation and cyber-physical systems in various industries like the automobile industry, manufacturing industries, construction industries, and so on. A proposed approach for machine handling using CPS, deep learning, and industrial automation with the help of voice. The proposed approach provides greater insights into the application of CPS in the area and the combination of CPS and deep learning to a greater extent.

Effects of GST on Automobile Dealers Industry

India has applied for GST for their taxation system which has already been applied by more than 160 Nations worldwide. GST has changed India’s perception in front of policy makers of other countries, global investors including big automobile companies. The growth of automobile sector has clear correlation with the policy reforms as it affects domestic demand pattern as well as trade balance. The automobile industry in India is the most booming industry from last many years. India has become the fourth substantial automobile market in 2019 with increasing sales by 8.3% to 3.99 million units. It was the seventh substantial automobile manufacturer in 2018. The government of India has also known the importance of automobile industry. India has imposed a flare of hope by determined growth targets, supported by many of vital undertaking such as Digital India and the make in India campaigns. There are many changes made ensuring simplicity in the GST tax system. The purpose of the study is to understand the impact of these changes by Automobile Manufacturers (OEMs). Keywords: GST, Taxation, Commercial vehicle, automobile manufacturer.

The role of digitization in automotive industry: The Indian perspective

The automotive industry is standing on the edge of the digital era. Digitization is the motivating force behind this change and is influencing every aspect of consumer behavior. Forces behind this digital transformation are the new technological possibilities which range from comprehensive connectivity, 3D printing, and the social network of virtual solutions as well. The impact of digitization can already be seen in today’s world and also in the automotive industry of India. Digitization will play an imperative role in the upcoming years such as artificial intelligence. This paper is primarily concerned with the recent trends of digitization and it also tries to measure the impact of digitization on the automobile supply chain between automobile manufacturers and suppliers. It is discussed the thrust on the potentialities of digitalization in the automobile industry of India and its impact on the overall performance of the industry. The study concluded that digitization has a significant impact on the automotive industry of India. Today, all the business practices become digitalized and foreign players use advanced technology in their products as compared to the national automotive players. The selling of automotive products is increased after the adoption of more advanced technology. It upgrades the quality of products and its service after sale which ultimately leads to the customer and brand loyalty used by the consumers.