OP39.10: Comparative corporal composition at twelve and twenty-four months of life for babies with: intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), small for gestational age (SGA) and appropriate for gestational age (AGA)

Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) impairs infant well being and increases susceptibility to later-in-life diseases for mother and child. Our study reveals a novel role for AMPK in vasodilating the myometrial artery (MA) from women residing at high altitude (>2,500 m) with appropriate for gestational age pregnancies but not in IUGR pregnancies at any altitude.

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Perinatal Plasma Monocyte Chemotactic Protein-1 Concentrations in Intrauterine Growth Restriction

Mediators of Inflammation ◽

10.1155/2007/65032 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 2007 ◽

pp. 1-5 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Despina D. Briana ◽

Maria Boutsikou ◽

Stavroula Baka ◽

George Papadopoulos ◽

Dimitrios Gourgiotis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Immune Response ◽

Pregnancy Outcome ◽

Gestational Age ◽

Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽

Growth Restriction ◽

Trophoblast Invasion ◽

Intrauterine Growth ◽

Monocyte Chemotactic Protein ◽

Chemotactic Protein ◽

Appropriate For Gestational Age

Monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) plays vital roles in immune response, angiogenesis, and pregnancy outcome. We investigated plasma MCP-1 concentrations in 40 mothers and their 20 intrauterine-growth-restricted (IUGR) and 20 appropriate-for-gestational-age (AGA) fetuses and neonates on postnatal days 1 (N1) and 4 (N4). Maternal and fetal MCP-1 concentrations were decreased (P<001andP= .018, resp.), whereas N1 MCP-1 concentrations were elevated in IUGR group (P= .012). In both groups, fetal MCP-1 concentrations were lower compared to N1 and N4 ones (P= .045,P= .012, resp., for AGA,P<.001 in each case for IUGR). Reduced maternal and fetal MCP-1 concentrations in IUGR may reflect failure of trophoblast invasion, suggesting that down-regulation of MCP-1 may be involved in the pathogenesis of IUGR. Increased MCP-1 concentrations in IUGR neonates and higher postnatal ones in all infants may be attributed to gradual initiation of ex utero angiogenesis, which is possibly enhanced in IUGR.

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First-trimester uterine artery Doppler indices in the prediction of small-for-gestational age pregnancy and intrauterine growth restriction

Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology ◽

10.1002/uog.6368 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 33 (5) ◽

pp. 524-529 ◽

Cited By ~ 76

Author(s):

K. Melchiorre ◽

K. Leslie ◽

F. Prefumo ◽

A. Bhide ◽

B. Thilaganathan

Keyword(s):

Gestational Age ◽

Small For Gestational Age ◽

Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽

Uterine Artery ◽

First Trimester ◽

Growth Restriction ◽

Uterine Artery Doppler ◽

Intrauterine Growth ◽

Doppler Indices

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Maternal Smoking, Intrauterine Growth Restriction, and Placental Apoptosis

Pediatric and Developmental Pathology ◽

10.1007/s10024-004-0105-1 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 7 (5) ◽

pp. 433-442 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

Christina Vogt Isaksen ◽

Rigmor Austgulen ◽

Lisa Chedwick ◽

Pål Romundstad ◽

Lars Vatten ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gestational Age ◽

Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽

Growth Restriction ◽

Tunel Method ◽

Cytokeratin 18 ◽

University Of Pittsburgh ◽

Intrauterine Growth ◽

Appropriate For Gestational Age ◽

The Difference ◽

Syncytiotrophoblast Layer

Pregnant women who smoke are at greater risk of delivering a growth-restricted infant than nonsmoking mothers. We wanted to see if apoptosis could be involved in the mechanisms behind smoke-induced growth restriction, and our aim was to compare apoptosis in the placenta of smoking mothers giving birth to growth-restricted infants and nonsmoking mothers with infants of appropriate weight. The project was conducted at the Magee—Womens Hospital and Magee—Womens Research Institute, University of Pittsburgh, PA. Histological sections from 20 placentas were selected from smoking mothers who had given birth to small-for-gestational-age infants (birth weight ≤ 2 SD). The controls were gestational-age matched nonsmoking mothers with infants having appropriate-for-gestational-age weight. The TUNEL method was used to demonstrate DNA fragmentation in nuclei, and a monoclonal antibody M30, specific for a neo-epitope on cytokeratin 18, was used to identify apoptotic epithelial cells. The positive nuclei (TUNEL) and positive cells (M30-positive cytoplasm) were counted blindly both in villous tissue and in decidual/basal plate tissue. M30-positive cells in villous tissues were significantly increased in placentas from smoking mothers compared to nonsmoking mothers. When evaluated by the TUNEL method, the difference between the two groups of women was not significant. Our study shows that apoptosis was increased in the placentas of smoking mothers with growth-restricted infants. The difference between the two groups was mainly in the syncytiotrophoblast layer and in connection with perivillous fibrin deposition. Cigarette smoke with reduction in blood flow has previously been shown to increase apoptosis, and it is possible that this could be one of the mechanisms playing a role in the growth restriction.

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Intrauterine growth restriction and its associated factors in South Gondar zone hospitals, Northwest Ethiopia, 2019

Archives of Public Health ◽

10.1186/s13690-020-00475-2 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 78 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Desalegn Tesfa ◽

Melaku Tadege ◽

Alemayehu Digssie ◽

Sofonyas Abebaw

Keyword(s):

Family Size ◽

Gestational Age ◽

Small For Gestational Age ◽

Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Measurement Data ◽

Adult Life ◽

Growth Restriction ◽

Health Concern ◽

Intrauterine Growth

Abstract Background After prematurity, intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is the second leading cause of perinatal mortality. IUGR has significant consequences in fetal, neonatal, and adult life. Currently, Ethiopia lacks information on IUGR’s prevalence and its determinants. This study aimed to assess the proportion of IUGR at birth and its associated factors. Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out among women who give birth in four hospitals of south Gonder zone from November 2018 to February 2019. Multi-stage sampling was applied to select the required samples. IUGR was assessed using a standardized cutoff percentile/mean for each measurement. Data were collected by trained MSc clinical midwives. Bi-variable and multivariable logistic analyses were deployed to identify the association. Results A total of 803 maternity women were participating in this study with a response rate of 95%. The proportion of IUGR 23.5% (95% CI: 20.7–26.6), low birth weight 13.3%, small-for- gestational-age 19.7%,and preterm birth 23.16%. Women who was unable to read and write, (AOR; 2.46, 95% CI: 1.02–5.92), total family size ≥7 (AOR; 1.67, 95% CI: 1.04–2.66), maternal mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) < 23 cm (AOR; 2.10, 95% CI: 1.39–3.01), body mass index (BMI) < 18.5 kg/m2 (AOR; 2.57, 95% CI: 1.72–3.83), altitude > 3000 m (AOR; 1.89 95% CI: 1.19–3.01), small placental size (< 350 g) (AOR; 2.42, 95% CI: 1.67–3.54) and small-for-gestational-age (AOR; 1.94, 95% CI:1.86–4.52) were the most predictors of IUGR. Conclusions IUGR was a major public health concern in this study. Women who were unable to read and write, small-for-gestational-age, maternal BMI < 18.5 kg/m2, family size ≥7, maternal MUAC < 23 cm, small placental size, and altitude > 3000 m were found the most predictor variables. Strengthen female education, nutritional intervention before and during pregnancy, and routine maternity care is critical. Further clinical follow-up research is essential which includes maternal, fetal, and placental gens.

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