Abstract
PurposeTo compare the effects of testosterone on intraocular pressure (IOP), retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (RNFL), ganglion cell complex (GCC), macular thickness (MT), and ocular blood flow between female-to-male transgender (FMT) persons who use testosterone and healthy women and healthy men.MethodThe study included 39 eyes of 20 FMT(group 1), 40 eyes of 20 healthy women (group 2), and 42 eyes of 21 healthy men (group 3). In all subjects, RNFL, GCC, MT were measured by optical coherence tomography (OCT). Ocular blood flow was measured by Colour Doppler Ultrasonography in all subjects.ResultsIOP levels in FMT were significantly higher than men (p = 0.02). Para superior (Sup), Para inferior (Inf) and Peri nasal (Nas) thickness in FMT were significantly higher than the group 2 (p = 0.02, p = 0.03, p = 0.01). Peri Sup thickness in FMT was significantly higher than group 3 (p = 0.01). Peri Inf thickness in FMT was significantly higher than group 2 and 3 (p = 0.03, p = 0.002). Mean thickness of RNFL Inf in FMT was significantly higher than the group 2 and 3 (p = 0.03, p = 0.03). Avg GCC, Inf GCC in FMT were significantly higher than group 2 (p = 0.02, p = 0.005). In correlation test, systole/diastole ratio(S/D) in Ophthalmic artery (OA) (r = 0.504, p = 0.028) and Inf RNLF thickness (r = 0.485, p = 0.035) were positively correlated with the serum levels of testosterone in FMT.ConclusionsWe found that the use of supraphysiologic testosterone dose increased IOP and the thickness of macula, RNFL and GCC in FMT. Serum testosterone level was positively correlated with S/D ratio in the OA.
Comparison of the effects of bimatoprost and timolol on intraocular pressure and pulsatile ocular blood flow in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma: A prospective, open-label, randomized, two-arm, parallel-group study
