Criminal Law Protection of Cultural Heritage: An International Perspective

2011 ◽  
pp. 17-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Manacorda
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
International Perspective ◽  
Protection Of Cultural Heritage

Part II Substantive Aspects, Ch.5 International Criminal Law and the Protection of Cultural Heritage

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frulli Micaela
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Armed Conflict ◽  
International Criminal ◽  
Criminal Responsibility ◽  
Cultural Property ◽  
International Criminal Law ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
International Criminal Tribunals ◽  
Protection Of Cultural Heritage

This chapter looks at how international criminal law has become a crucial tool to foster the protection of cultural heritage. On the normative level, the main developments consisted in the introduction of rules criminalizing acts against cultural property in binding treaties dealing with the protection of cultural property in times of armed conflict. Then, international criminal tribunals (ICTs) paved the way for implementing individual criminal responsibility. Three different and partially divergent approaches have characterized the criminalization of acts against cultural property. The first two—civilian use and cultural value—emerged in different moments and had a strong impact on the drafting of rules criminalizing acts against cultural property in times of armed conflict. The third one, the human dimension approach, developed from the jurisprudence of ICTs and characterizes both the qualification of acts against cultural property as crimes against humanity and their role in proving the mental element of genocide.

Using ISO and Semantic Web standard for building a multilingual terminology e-Dictionary: A use case of Chinese ceramic vases

2021 ◽  
pp. 016555152110221
Author(s):  
Tong Wei ◽  
Christophe Roche ◽  
Maria Papadopoulou ◽  
Yangli Jia
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Web ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Knowledge Sharing ◽  
Use Case ◽  
Knowledge Infrastructure ◽  
Ming And Qing Dynasties ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Digital Protection ◽  
Protection Of Cultural Heritage

Cultural heritage is the legacy of physical artefacts and intangible attributes of a group or society that is inherited from past generations. Terminology is a tool for the dissemination and communication of cultural heritage. The lack of clearly identified terminologies is an obstacle to communication and knowledge sharing. Especially, for experts with different languages, it is difficult to understand what the term refers to only through terms. Our work aims to respond to this issue by implementing practices drawn from the Semantic Web and ISO Terminology standards (ISO 704 and ISO 1087-1) and more particularly, by building in a W3C format ontology as knowledge infrastructure to construct a multilingual terminology e-Dictionary. The Chinese ceramic vases of the Ming and Qing dynasties are the application cases of our work. The method of building ontology is the ‘term-and-characteristic guided method’, which follows the ISO principles of Terminology. The main result of this work is an online terminology e-Dictionary. The terminology e-Dictionary could help archaeologists communicate and understand the concepts denoted by terms in different languages and provide a new perspective based on ontology for the digital protection of cultural heritage. The e-Dictionary was published at http://www.dh.ketrc.com/e-dictionary.html .

Trees as natural barriers against heavy metal pollution and their role in the protection of cultural heritage

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 227-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarina Kocić ◽  
Tijana Spasić ◽  
Mira Aničić Urošević ◽  
Milica Tomašević
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Metal Pollution ◽  
Heavy Metal Pollution ◽  
Natural Barriers ◽  
Protection Of Cultural Heritage

scholarly journals International legal description of crimes in the field of culture and art

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-240
Author(s):  
R. Valeev ◽  
A. Mezyaev ◽  
E. Motrokhin ◽  
A. Lestev
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Analytical Methods ◽  
Comparative Law ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Legal Practice ◽  
International Crimes ◽  
Relevant Field ◽  
Protection Of Cultural Heritage

The article deals with international crimes related to cultural heritage. The current international legal framework for the protection of cultural heritage and the prosecution of persons, involved in cultural crimes, is being analyzed. The authors attempted to classify Che types of crimes, gave international legal characteristics to attribute the crime to the relevant field of international legal regulation, and also presented examples from legal practice. The article uses methods of interpretation of law, analytical methods, methods of comparative law, as well as classification and typology.

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