Genetic Variations in Metabolizing Enzymes

2011 ◽  
pp. 71-81
Author(s):  
Chang-Hwei Chen
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variations ◽  
Metabolizing Enzymes

scholarly journals Pharmacogenetics of Antiplatelet Drugs

2002 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 791-800 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronan Curtin ◽  
Desmond J. Fitzgerald
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Drug Targets ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Adverse Outcome ◽  
Antiplatelet Agents ◽  
Genetic Variations ◽  
Antiplatelet Drugs ◽  
Drug Metabolizing Enzymes ◽  
Gene Variant ◽  
Metabolizing Enzymes

Pharmacogenetics refers to the genetic factors that influence the response to a drug, often involving genetic variations in drug metabolizing enzymes. The pharmacogenetics of antiplatelet agents is in its infancy and largely reflects variations in drug targets or related genes. One particular gene variant, the PlA2polymorphism of the glycoprotein (GP) IIb/IIIa receptor, is now emerging as a probable determinant of the response to antiplatelet agents including GPIIb/IIIa antagonists. This variant may in part explain the heterogeneity in the response to GPIIb/IIIa antagonists. The PlA2genotype appears to be associated with an adverse outcome in patients treated with an oral GPIIb/IIIa antagonist and may be a factor in the observed failure of these agents in unselected populations. However, there are preliminary indications that other antiplatelet agents may have an enhanced effect in PlA2subjects. Further clinical trials in particular are required to definitively characterize the pharmacogenetic effect of PlA2. Other polymorphisms are also likely to contribute to the pharmacogenetics of antiplatelet agents, but these await investigation.

Influence of Genetic Variations of Ethanol-Metabolizing Enzymes on Phenotypes of Alcohol-Related Disorders

2004 ◽  
Vol 1025 (1) ◽  
pp. 472-480 ◽  
Author(s):  
SUSUMU HIGUCHI ◽  
SACHIO MATSUSHITA ◽  
TOSHIHIRO MASAKI ◽  
AKIRA YOKOYAMA ◽  
MITSURU KIMURA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variations ◽  
Metabolizing Enzymes

The impact of genetic variations in sofosbuvir metabolizing enzymes and innate immunity mediators on treatment outcome in HCV-infected patients

2021 ◽  
pp. 105311
Author(s):  
Marwa K. Ibrahim ◽  
Mohamed AbdElrahman ◽  
Noha G. Bader El Din ◽  
Salwa Tawfik ◽  
Sherief Abd-Elsalam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Innate Immunity ◽  
Treatment Outcome ◽  
Genetic Variations ◽  
Metabolizing Enzymes ◽  
The Impact

The influence of genetic variations and drug interactions based on metabo-lism of antidepressants and anticonvulsants

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Merve Demirbugen Oz ◽  
Fezile Ozdemir ◽  
Halit Sinan Suzen
Keyword(s):  
Personalized Medicine ◽  
Drug Interactions ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Cytochromes P450 ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Genetic Variations ◽  
Metabolizing Enzymes ◽  
Drug Metabolizing Enzyme ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Metabolizing Enzyme

Background:: Antidepressant (AD) and anticonvulsants (AC) medications are widely prescribed to treat neuro-psychiatric disorders and a broad range of other comorbidities. Interpatient variability in response to a given drug is a large challenge in psychiatry and neurology. Clinically similar patient’s often experience vastly different outcomes (higher or lower levels than the therapeutic range and/or adverse effects) from the same drug at similar doses. The variability in drug response is highly complex and can be attributed to the polymedication, genetic polymorphisms modulating drug-metabolizing enzyme activities (cytochromes P450, CYP), physiological and environmental factors. These identified sources of variability in drug responses makes biotransformation center of personalized treatment strategies. Objective:: The main objective of this review is deeply discuss the role of biotransformation in the occurrence of antidepres-sant and anticonvulsant induced inter individual variabilities with the focus of genetic variations and drug interactions. Methods:: We conducted an extensive search of the literature related to biotransformation of the antidepressant and anticon-vulsant agents available on relationships between genetic differences and interactions on available databases. Results:: In the present review, we provided an overview of documented clinically significant pharmacokinetic drug interac-tions, physiological and environmental differences. We further discuss the significance of genetic variations in drug metabo-lizing enzymes to underline the need for using information on both genotype and drug interactions towards implementing better clinical outcomes through personalized medicine in neurology and psychiatry. Conclusions:: The genetic variations in drug metabolizing enzymes underline the need for using information on both geno-type and drug interactions towards implementing better clinical outcomes through personalized medicine in neurology and psychiatry.

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