Conditioning Processes in Opioid Dependence and in Relapse

1980 ◽  
pp. 167-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abraham Wikler
Keyword(s):  
Opioid Dependence

Determinants of Buprenorphine Treatment for Opioid Dependence

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean M. Murphy ◽  
Paul A. Fishman ◽  
Sterling M. McPherson ◽  
Dennis G. Dyck ◽  
John M. Roll
Keyword(s):  
Opioid Dependence ◽  
Buprenorphine Treatment

Clinical Evaluation of a Transdermal Buprenorphine Patch for Opioid Dependence

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan K. Lanier ◽  
Joseph A. Harrison ◽  
Elie S. Nuwayser ◽  
Annie Umbricht ◽  
George E. Bigelow
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Evaluation ◽  
Opioid Dependence

The Stress Respond, Related To the Opioid Abstinence And Detoxification: literature review

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-90
Author(s):  
Robertas Badaras ◽  
Gabija Dragelytė ◽  
Indrė Vaitekonytė ◽  
Juozas Ivaškevičius ◽  
Jūratė Šipylaitė
Keyword(s):  
Opioid Dependence ◽  
Financial Resources ◽  
Successful Completion ◽  
Minimum Risk ◽  
Medical Databases ◽  
Dosing Regimens ◽  
Naltrexone Treatment ◽  
Dopaminergic Pathways ◽  
Pituitary Adrenal Axis ◽  
Opioid Detoxification

Materials and Methods. Published articles on the opioid abuse and methods of opioid detoxification were identified by searching medical databases, using corresponding literature and were also searched manually for applicable papers. The search was limited to articles published from 1985 through 2014. Results. Opioid dependence determine pathophysiologic changes in the dopaminergic pathways of the organism, as well as the alterations in the stress-responsive hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. The usage of opioid antagonists in the early stages of withdrawal, can lead the effectiveness of opioid detoxification to 100%. Rapid opioid detoxification do not remove all the symptoms of abstinence. Negative aspects, concerning the procedure, while using prevention, can be reduced to the minimum risk. Rapid opioid detoxification, comparing it with Ultrarapid opioid detoxification procedure, diverges as less financial resources and a lower risk containing technique. Conclusions. Use of antagonists may reduce the duration of withdrawal, thus reducing the overall severity of withdrawal and increasing the chances of successful completion. This technique facilitates commencement of naltrexone treatment. Dosing regimens used in clinical trials vary. Subsequent results do not correlate with the methods of detoxification.

Acupuncture for opioid dependence

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuyuan Yu ◽  
Li Ying
Keyword(s):  
Opioid Dependence

scholarly journals The “black box” of treatment: Patients’ perspective on what works in opioid maintenance treatment for opioid dependence

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa C. Silva ◽  
Fredrik B. Andersson
Keyword(s):  
Opioid Dependence ◽  
Maintenance Treatment ◽  
Treatment Plan ◽  
Black Box ◽  
Opioid Maintenance Treatment ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Problematic Use ◽  
Treatment Stage ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Patients Perspective

Abstract Background A lack of conceptual modeling of how the components of opioid maintenance treatment (OMT) for opioid dependence (OD) work causes it to occasionally be labeled the “black-box” of treatment. This study had a two-fold objective: First, to analyze which factors related to OMT for OD contribute to the abstinence of problematic use of non-prescribed opioids and sustain recovery, from the patients’ perspective; second, to understand which changes OMT produced in the individuals’ lives might significantly contribute to relapse prevention. Methods We used qualitative methods of design, inquiry, and analysis from a convenience sample of 19 individuals in a Swedish treatment setting. Results All the participants reported previous cycles of problematic use of non-prescribed opioids and other non-prescribed psychoactive substances, treatment, abstinence, recovery, and relapse before starting the current OMT program. During the pre-treatment stage, specific events, internal processes, and social environments enhanced motivation toward abstinence and seeking treatment. During the treatment stage, participants perceived the quality of the human relationships established with primary social groups as important as medication and the individual plan of care in sustaining recovery. From the participants’ perspective, OMT was a turning point in their life course, allowing them a sense of self-fulfillment and the reconstruction of personal and social identity. However, they still struggled with the stigmatization produced by a society that values abstinence-oriented over medication-assisted treatments. Conclusion OMT is not an isolated event in individuals’ lives but rather a process occurring within a specific social context. Structural factors and the sense of acceptance and belonging are essential in supporting the transformation. Treatment achievements and the risk for relapse vary over time, so the objectives of the treatment plan must account for characteristics of the pre-treatment stage and the availability and capacity of individuals to restructure their social network, besides the opioid maintenance treatment and institutional social care.

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