Geoid Determination Using GPS-Aided Inertial Systems

The questions connected with mathematical modeling of transformation of non-Gaussian random processes, signals and noise in linear and nonlinear systems are considered and analyzed. The mathematical transformation of random processes in linear inertial systems consisting of both series and parallel connected links, as well as positive and negative feedback is analyzed. The mathematical transformation of random processes with polygamous density of probability distribution during their passage through such systems is considered. Nonlinear inertial and non-linear systems are analyzed.

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Comparison of remove-compute-restore and least squares modification of Stokes' formula techniques to quasi-geoid determination over the Auvergne test area

Journal of Geodetic Science ◽

10.2478/v10156-011-0024-9 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 53-64 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

H. Yildiz ◽

R. Forsberg ◽

J. Ågren ◽

C. Tscherning ◽

L. Sjöberg

Keyword(s):

Least Squares ◽

Gravity Data ◽

Test Area ◽

Geoid Determination ◽

Geopotential Model ◽

Low Degree ◽

Residual Terrain Modelling ◽

The Alps ◽

Stokes Formula ◽

Regional Geoid Determination

Comparison of remove-compute-restore and least squares modification of Stokes' formula techniques to quasi-geoid determination over the Auvergne test areaThe remove-compute-restore (RCR) technique for regional geoid determination implies that both topography and low-degree global geopotential model signals are removed before computation and restored after Stokes' integration or Least Squares Collocation (LSC) solution. The Least Squares Modification of Stokes' Formula (LSMS) technique not requiring gravity reductions is implemented here with a Residual Terrain Modelling based interpolation of gravity data. The 2-D Spherical Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) and the LSC methods applying the RCR technique and the LSMS method are tested over the Auvergne test area. All methods showed a reasonable agreement with GPS-levelling data, in the order of a 3-3.5 cm in the central region having relatively smooth topography, which is consistent with the accuracies of GPS and levelling. When a 1-parameter fit is used, the FFT method using kernel modification performs best with 3.0 cm r.m.s difference with GPS-levelling while the LSMS method gives the best agreement with GPS-levelling with 2.4 cm r.m.s after a 4-parameter fit is used. However, the quasi-geoid models derived using two techniques differed from each other up to 33 cm in the high mountains near the Alps. Comparison of quasi-geoid models with EGM2008 showed that the LSMS method agreed best in term of r.m.s.

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Inertial Navigation for the Merchant Marine

Journal of Navigation ◽

10.1017/s037346330003842x ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 23 (2) ◽

pp. 221-232

Author(s):

D. A. Videlo ◽

D. L. Wright

Keyword(s):

Inertial Navigation ◽

Dead Reckoning ◽

Direction Finding ◽

Integrated Systems ◽

Merchant Marine ◽

Gyro Compass ◽

Marine Navigation ◽

Inertial Systems

In this paper the history and development of inertial systems for the merchant marine is traced from the gyro-compass, familiar at sea since the beginning of the century, to complete inertia systems and integrated systems such as doppler/inertia.The paper was presented at the Marine Navigation Symposium held in Sandefjord, Norway, on 24–6 September 1969 and is reproduced with the permission of the organizers.The gyro-compass was first fitted on board a ship as long ago as 1908. Its function has been as the main reference by which the ship is steered and to which navigation by dead reckoning and direction finding is referred. The compass has been developed continuously to provide a more reliable, more accurate, and smaller instrument costing typically £1000 to £2000.

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