Theory of the Stark Effect in Highly Excited Atoms

Author(s):  
David A. Harmin
Keyword(s):  
Author(s):  
J. A. Panitz

Tunneling is a ubiquitous phenomenon. Alpha particle disintegration, the Stark effect, superconductivity in thin films, field-emission, and field-ionization are examples of electron tunneling phenomena. In the scanning tunneling microscope (STM) electron tunneling is used as an imaging modality. STM images of flat surfaces show structure at the atomic level. However, STM images of large biological species deposited onto flat surfaces are disappointing. For example, unstained virus particles imaged in the STM do not resemble their TEM counterparts.It is not clear how an STM image of a biological species is formed. Most biological species are large compared to the nominal electrode separation of ∼ 1nm that is required for electron tunneling. To form an image of a biological species, the tunneling electrodes must be separated by a distance that would normally be too large for a tunneling current to be observed.


Author(s):  
Jean-Patrick Connerade
Keyword(s):  

1982 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 875-881 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Dubreuil ◽  
P. Pignolet ◽  
A. Catherinot ◽  
P. Davy

1987 ◽  
Vol 48 (C5) ◽  
pp. C5-179-C5-182
Author(s):  
K. BAJEMA ◽  
R. MERLIN ◽  
F.-Y. JUANG ◽  
S.-C. HONG ◽  
J. SINGH ◽  
...  

1993 ◽  
Vol 163 (3) ◽  
pp. 55-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.B. Kolokolov ◽  
A.B. Blagoev
Keyword(s):  

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