Solid Dose Formulations

Key issues for establishing a robotics laboratory in the pharmaceutical industry

Journal of Automatic Chemistry ◽

10.1155/s1463924694000106 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 16 (4) ◽

pp. 117-119 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Steve Conder

Keyword(s):

Personnel Selection ◽

Phase Iii ◽

Content Uniformity ◽

Long Term Stability ◽

Methods Development ◽

Solid Dose ◽

Key Issues ◽

Analytical Research ◽

Routine Assay ◽

Training And Support

The Analytical Research and Development Department of Bristol-Myers Squibb has a laboratory dedicated to robotic analysis of solid dose forms. It consists of eight individuals responsible for nine robotic systems. The laboratory is dedicated to the support of Phase III stability studies that require dissolution, potency, content. uniformity and Karl Fischer moisture assays. The group performs about 15000 assays a year for approximately six long-term stability programs. The key issues for success were personnel selection, methods development (methods transfer), routine assay support, documentation, validation, training and support services. This paper discusses the establishment of the laboratory and the future issues important to continued success.

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A Forward-Looking Approach to Process Scale-Up for Solid Dose Manufacturing

Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms - Tablets ◽

10.3109/9781420020304-5 ◽

2008 ◽

pp. 119-152 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Fernando Muzzio ◽

Marianthi Ierapetritou ◽

Patricia Portillo ◽

Marcos Llusa ◽

Michael Levin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Scale Up ◽

Solid Dose ◽

Process Scale Up ◽

Process Scale ◽

Forward Looking

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SOME EFFECTS OF 2537 Å ON GREEN ALGAE AND CHLOROPLAST PREPARATIONS

The Journal of General Physiology ◽

10.1085/jgp.34.5.627 ◽

1951 ◽

Vol 34 (5) ◽

pp. 627-645 ◽

Cited By ~ 33

Author(s):

A. S. Holt ◽

I. A. Brooks ◽

W. A. Arnold

Keyword(s):

Photosynthetic Apparatus ◽

Total Duration ◽

Hill Reaction ◽

Endogenous Respiration ◽

Order Effects ◽

Hydrogen Metabolism ◽

Bicarbonate Buffer ◽

First Order ◽

Solid Dose ◽

The Hill

1. The kinetics of the inactivation of photosynthesis by 2537 Å in Chlorella pyrenoidosa and Scenedesmus D1 indicate that, while the destruction process is largely a first order effect, higher order effects also occur, which become evident at low exposures. In agreement with previous observations, endogenous respiration is insensitive to exposures which inactivate photosynthesis. 2. In Scenedesmus D1 a solid dose of ultraviolet has no more effect on the photosynthetic apparatus than a dose of equal total duration interrupted by periods of photosynthesis. Nor is any difference noted if the cells are in a different buffer, e.g. 0.05 M KH2PO4, or carbonate-bicarbonate buffer 9. 3. In C. pyrenoidosa, a solid dose and an interrupted dose cause equal effects on photosynthesis when neutral phosphate buffer is used. If the ultraviolet exposure schedules are identical, equal effects are also noted in cells suspended in buffer 9, and in 0.05 M phosphate (pH 6.2). Solid exposures are, however, much more effective than interrupted exposures, when buffer 9 is used. 4. Oxygen evolution (Hill reaction), photosynthesis, and photoreduction in Scenedesmus D1 are equally sensitive to a given dose of ultraviolet. The mechanism responsible for adaptation to hydrogen metabolism is not more sensitive to ultraviolet than is the photosynthetic mechanism. The O2/H2/CO2 reaction in darkness is less sensitive to ultraviolet than any of the above reactions. 5. Glucose oxidation by C. pyrenoidosa, and colony formation in Scenedesmus D1 are far more sensitive to a given dose of ultraviolet than photosynthesis in these organisms. 6. The photosynthetic apparatus of C. pyrenoidosa is more sensitive to ultraviolet than that of Scenedesmus D1. 7. The Hill reaction in chloroplast fragments is also inactivated by 2537 Å by a first order process. Exposures which inactivate this reaction completely have no effect on polyphenol oxidase, cytochrome oxidase, or catalase in the same chloroplast preparation. 8. After irradiation, the survival of photosynthesis in Scenedesmus D1 and of the Hill reaction in chloroplast fragments are independent of the light intensity used to measure these processes. 9. No significant changes occur in the ultraviolet absorption of chloroplasts after an exposure to 2537 Å, which completely inactivates the Hill reaction.

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Simple Solid Dose Bioassay for Insecticides Using the Fruit Fly ( Drosophila melanogaster )

Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology ◽

10.1007/s00128-002-0006-9 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 69 (1) ◽

pp. 35-40 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

R. Grant

Keyword(s):

Drosophila Melanogaster ◽

Fruit Fly ◽

Solid Dose

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Recent Approaches for Solid Dose Vaccine Delivery

Scientia Pharmaceutica ◽

10.3390/scipharm87040027 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 87 (4) ◽

pp. 27 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Jahan ◽

Archie ◽

Shoyaib ◽

Kabir ◽

Cheung

Keyword(s):

Vaccine Delivery ◽

Cold Chain ◽

Needle Stick Injury ◽

Liquid Form ◽

Routes Of Administration ◽

Solid Dosage ◽

Solid Dose ◽

Sparing Effect ◽

The Many ◽

Future Work

Recent studies on vaccine delivery systems are exploring the possibility of replacing liquid vaccines with solid dose vaccines due to the many advantages that solid dose vaccines can offer. These include the prospect of a needle-free vaccine delivery system leading to better patient compliance, cold chain storage, less-trained vaccinators and fewer chances for needle stick injury hazards. Some studies also indicate that vaccines in a solid dosage form can result in a higher level of immunogenicity compared to the liquid form, thus providing a dose-sparing effect. This review outlines the different approaches in solid vaccine delivery using various routes of administration including, oral, pulmonary, intranasal, buccal, sublingual, and transdermal routes. The various techniques and their current advancements will provide a knowledge base for future work to be carried out in this arena.

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