Application of Human Factors in a Port Socio-Technical System

2019 ◽  
pp. 396-402
Author(s):  
Jessica Hutchings
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Technical System

Modern Technology Failures, Cognitive Engineering Successes

2007 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 196-199
Author(s):  
Nancy J. Cooke ◽  
Francis T. Durso
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Modern Technology ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Technical System ◽  
Cognitive Engineering ◽  
Thought Processes ◽  
Question And Answer ◽  
Scientists And Engineers ◽  
Technical Systems ◽  
Modern Technologies

This panel will focus on five stories in which cognitive engineering has resulted in a significant, measurable success. Five experts will revisit problems with human-technical systems that they helped to solve. In this way, the panel will provide an intimate look at the trials, tribulations, and thought processes of dedicated scientists and engineers who have had an impact on our use of modern technologies. The five stories were motivated by serious problems, but our focus is on the solution to those problems—the repair of the human-technical system. In the question and answer period we will elicit from the panelists insights about doing cognitive engineering, wisdom about becoming a cognitive engineer, and advice about being a cognitive engineer in today's society. The lessons learned from these cognitive engineering successes will be of value to all human factors researchers.

The railway as a socio-technical system: Human factors at the heart of successful rail engineering

2007 ◽  
Vol 221 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
J R Wilson ◽  
T Farrington-Darby ◽  
G Cox ◽  
R Bye ◽  
G R J Hockey
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Technical System

The application of human factors and ergonomics (HFE) to community-sport organisations in resource scarce contexts : a case study of grassroots football in Makana, Eastern Cape

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Bennett Ryan
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Human Factors ◽  
South African ◽  
Technical System ◽  
System Modelling ◽  
Societal Issues ◽  
Community Sport ◽  
Human Factors And Ergonomics ◽  
Grassroots Level ◽  
Human Capacity

Background: Modern Human Factors and Ergonomics (HFE) focuses on the optimisation of complex socio-technical systems and has been challenged to contribute to broader societal issues. An example is within grassroots football organisations in resource-scarce areas such as Makana, South Africa. Through embedded participatory approaches, the research problem was co-constructed: To investigate the socio-technical system of the Makana Local Football Association (LFA). Method: A useful complex system modelling tool is that of Cognitive Work Analysis (CWA), with its 5 phases used to identify constraints and affordances. Three perspectives were adopted for the application of an adapted (to suit participant characteristics) CWA to the Makana LFA: 1) how work is prescribed by the governing body SAFA, 2) how subject matter experts (SME) disclose its current functioning, and 3) how SMEs imagine it could function. Five SMEs attended 12 three-hour workshops to complete the latter two perspectives. Results: The composite work domain analysis between work as prescribed and work as disclosed identified significant mismatches between how policymakers envision the system and how SMEs report its functioning. Key differences in perspectives included the fundamental purpose of the Makana LFA, while only four of 22 functions operate within the Makana LFA. Participants also identified key affordances for the LFA such as reorientation as a community sports organisation. Discussion: Comparison between perspectives indicated four mismatches. 1) SAFA views the LFA as the foundation of the talent identification and development infrastructure of South African football. SMEs view it as a community centred organisation. 2) A lack of human capacity is evident at the community level of Makana football. 3) Funding and assets are absent at this grassroots level. 4) The LFA relies on other stakeholders, but these relationships are not formalised. Policymakers, therefore, have a lack of knowledge of the contextual challenges faced by LFA administrators. It is recommended that SAFA view the LFA as a community sport organisation, focusing on improving human capacity, increasing funding, and formalising stakeholder networks. Furthermore, conceptual models from CWA provide explicit socio-technical system redesign recommendations. Conclusion: Large mismatches between the organising body SAFA and the actual functioning of the LFA significantly hinder the effective management and running of football at a grassroots level in resource-scarce contexts in South Africa. The perspectives approach to CWA was useful in elucidating the constraints and affordances of the Makana LFA socio-technical system and informing redesign opportunities. Systems HFE methodology is therefore well placed to contribute to broader societal issues within resources scarce contexts such as football in Makana. Furthermore, the philosophical underpinnings of systems based HFE were successful in the development of sustainable participatory research within the South African grassroots football context.

An Application of the HFACS Method to Aviation Accidents in Africa

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isaac Munene
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Physical Environment ◽  
Human Factor ◽  
Flight Training ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Causal Factors ◽  
Aviation Accidents ◽  
Factors Analysis ◽  
Adverse Weather ◽  
Decision Errors

Abstract. The Human Factors Analysis and Classification System (HFACS) methodology was applied to accident reports from three African countries: Kenya, Nigeria, and South Africa. In all, 55 of 72 finalized reports for accidents occurring between 2000 and 2014 were analyzed. In most of the accidents, one or more human factors contributed to the accident. Skill-based errors (56.4%), the physical environment (36.4%), and violations (20%) were the most common causal factors in the accidents. Decision errors comprised 18.2%, while perceptual errors and crew resource management accounted for 10.9%. The results were consistent with previous industry observations: Over 70% of aviation accidents have human factor causes. Adverse weather was seen to be a common secondary casual factor. Changes in flight training and risk management methods may alleviate the high number of accidents in Africa.

Aviation Human Factors Related Industry News

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 136-138
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors

Asiana Airlines Flight 214

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Chow ◽  
Stephen Yortsos ◽  
Najmedin Meshkati
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Aviation Safety ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Cultural Issues ◽  
Flight Crew ◽  
Pilot Performance ◽  
Engineering Designs ◽  
Flight Deck

This article focuses on a major human factors–related issue that includes the undeniable role of cultural factors and cockpit automation and their serious impact on flight crew performance, communication, and aviation safety. The report concentrates on the flight crew performance of the Boeing 777–Asiana Airlines Flight 214 accident, by exploring issues concerning mode confusion and autothrottle systems. It also further reviews the vital role of cultural factors in aviation safety and provides a brief overview of past, related accidents. Automation progressions have been created in an attempt to design an error-free flight deck. However, to do that, the pilot must still thoroughly understand every component of the flight deck – most importantly, the automation. Otherwise, if pilots are not completely competent in terms of their automation, the slightest errors can lead to fatal accidents. As seen in the case of Asiana Flight 214, even though engineering designs and pilot training have greatly evolved over the years, there are many cultural, design, and communication factors that affect pilot performance. It is concluded that aviation systems designers, in cooperation with pilots and regulatory bodies, should lead the strategic effort of systematically addressing the serious issues of cockpit automation, human factors, and cultural issues, including their interactions, which will certainly lead to better solutions for safer flights.

Aviation Human Factors Related Industry News

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-65
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors

Aviation Human Factors Related Industry News

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 120-124
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors
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