Transportation Infrastructure Engineering, Materials, Behavior and Performance

Ductility is defined as the ability of a material to change shape without fracture. It is of critical importance for engineering materials for both manufacturability and Performance. Measures of ductility include percent elongation (uniform plastic flow prior to mechanical instability—necking—or fracture) and percent reduction in area. Fracture toughness is also some measure of potential ductility. Engineering materials exhibit wide variations in ductility which can often limit their application.Ductility is a property of nanocrystalline materials which might be predicted to be enhanced by extrapolation of its grain-size dependence in conventional polycrystalline materials. It has been predicted that extrapolation of the grain size, or the scale of the microstructure, to the nanoscale will lead to both strengthening and an increase in ductility. As far as failure and ductility are concerned, this idea is based on experience with conventional materials, where the yield and fracture stress show different dependencies on the grain size. The fracture stress typically increases faster than the yield stress with decreasing grain size such that ductile/brittle transitions can occur. For example, the ductile / brittle transition temperature in mild steel can be lowered about 40°C by reducing the grain size by a factor of five. In terms of how ductility may be affected by the extreme grainsize reduction to the nanoscale, we consider the following. Firstly, it may be recalled that obtaining ductility relies simply on plastic deformation occurring without the catastrophic onset of failure mechanisms, and therefore we can examine possibilities of changing ductility in terms of avoiding failure.

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Sustainability Factors and Performance

Asian Journal of Quality of Life ◽

10.21834/ajqol.v3i9.86 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 3 (9) ◽

pp. 151

Author(s):

Assa Amiril ◽

Abdul Hadi Nawawi ◽

Roshana Takim ◽

Siti Nur Farhana Ab. Latif

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Open Access ◽

Publishing House ◽

Social Engineering ◽

Transportation Infrastructure ◽

Infrastructure Project ◽

International Publishing ◽

Project Sustainability ◽

And Performance ◽

Open Access Article

A Transportation infrastructure projects often involve the considerable land use and huge resource that can cause serious impacts to the environment and social dislocation. Hence, implementation of sustainable factors is essential. This paper attempts (1) to review infrastructure project sustainability factor and performance, and (2) to propose a framework o relationship between the sustainability factors and performance for railway projects in Malaysia. The results from the literature show that sustainability factors and performance can be categorized under environment, economic, social, engineering/resource utilization and project managementKeywords: Transportation; infrastructure project; sustainability factors; sustainability performanceeISSN 2398-4279 © 2018. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open-access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.

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Tribomaterials

10.31399/asm.tb.tpsfwea.9781627083232 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Kenneth G. Budinski ◽

Steven T. Budinski

Keyword(s):

Copper Alloys ◽

Low Alloy Steels ◽

Equipment Operation ◽

Essential Questions ◽

Product Lifetime ◽

Alloy Steels ◽

Selection For ◽

Engineering Materials ◽

And Performance ◽

Cobalt Base

Tribomaterials: Properties and Selection for Friction, Wear, and Erosion Applications provides practical information on the tribological behaviors of engineering materials, how they are measured, and how to account for them in order to optimize product lifetime and performance. The first few chapters describe the mechanisms and manifestations of various types of friction, erosion, and wear and how to assess their impact on design and equipment operation using proven tribotesting methods. The chapters that follow cover the tribological properties and characteristics of important engineering materials, including carbon and low-alloy steels, tool steels, stainless steels, nickel- and cobalt-base alloys, copper alloys, and cast iron as well as ceramics, cermets, cemented carbides, polymers, and polymer composites. The book also includes chapters on treatments and coatings, lubrication, and the selection and screening of materials for tribosystems, including medical applications. Each chapter ends with a review of terms, takeaway concepts, essential questions, and related reading. For information on the print version, ISBN: 978-1-62708-321-8, follow this link.

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Development and performance of new hard and wear-resistant engineering materials

Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance ◽

10.1007/s11665-997-0077-1 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 6 (6) ◽

pp. 749-756 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

E. Pagounis ◽

V. K. Lindroos

Keyword(s):

Wear Resistant ◽

Engineering Materials ◽

And Performance

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Neutron diffraction strain mapping in engineering materials

Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations and Advances ◽

10.1107/s2053273314092675 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 70 (a1) ◽

pp. C732-C732

Author(s):

Edward Payzant ◽

Lindsay Sochalski-Kolbus

Keyword(s):

Neutron Diffraction ◽

Strain Mapping ◽

Friction Stir ◽

Lattice Strains ◽

High Penetration ◽

Residual Strains ◽

Engineering Materials ◽

And Performance ◽

Non Destructive ◽

Ods Alloy

Bragg peak positions with precisions of a few parts in 10^4 are typically necessary to provide the strain resolution required for measurement of the residual strains in bulk materials. Neutron diffraction, mainly because of its high penetration in many engineering materials, provides a unique non-destructive capability for strain measurement. Dedicated instruments for mapping lattice strains using neutron diffraction, a technique first demonstrated in the 1980s, are found at all major neutron scattering facilities around the world. Residual stresses typically arise during synthesis, forming, joining, thermal processing, or use of engineering materials and can significantly impact the strength and performance of the final part. We present two recent examples of strain-mapping experiments conducted at the HB-2B beamline at the High Flux Isotope Reactor. Strain-mapping data collected on a friction stir welded ODS alloy reveals changes in texture and stress resulting from the FSW process, and dependent on the FSW process variables. Mapping experiments on steel conduit intended for the ITER project show the strain distribution from the forming operations, and the partial reduction of these strains through high temperature annealing.

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