The Narcissism Spectrum Model: A Spectrum Perspective on Narcissistic Personality

2018 ◽  
pp. 15-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zlatan Krizan
2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zlatan Krizan ◽  
Anne D. Herlache

The narcissism spectrum model synthesizes extensive personality, social–psychological, and clinical evidence, building on existing knowledge about narcissistic grandiosity and vulnerability to reveal a view of narcissism that respects its clinical origins, embraces the diversity and complexity of its expression, and reflects extensive scientific evidence about the continuity between normal and abnormal personality expression. Critically, the proposed model addresses three key, inter-related problems that have plagued narcissism scholarship for more than a century. These problems can be summarized as follows: (a) What are the key features of narcissism? (b) How are they organized and related to each other? and (c) Why are they organized that way, that is, what accounts for their relationships? By conceptualizing narcissistic traits as manifested in transactional processes between individuals and their social environments, the model enables integration of existing theories of narcissism and thus provides a compelling perspective for future examination of narcissism and its developmental pathways.


2011 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 295-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elke Rohmann ◽  
Hans-Werner Bierhoff ◽  
Martina Schmohr

In three studies of romantic relationships (N = 253, N = 81, and N = 98) the hypothesis was tested that high narcissists, relative to low narcissists, distort the assessment of equity in attractiveness. Narcissism was measured by the Narcissistic Personality Inventory. In Study 1 the hypothesis was confirmed. In Study 2 it was shown that although narcissism correlated significantly with self-esteem, it was the unique variance in narcissism which predicted the tendency to feel underbenefited in respect to attractiveness. Finally in Study 3, dyadic data were analyzed on the basis of the Actor-Partner Interdependence Model. The data of 49 couples who lived together were included. The dyadic analysis indicated that actor narcissism exerted the expected influence on perceived inequity in attractiveness, whereas partner narcissism explained no additional variance. High narcissists felt more underbenefited than low narcissists. The analysis of dyadic data in Study 3 indicates that the link between narcissism and equity in attractiveness turns out to be an intrapersonal phenomenon because only actor narcissism, not partner narcissism, is significantly correlated with perceived inequity. In addition, partial intraclass correlations revealed that if one partner tended to feel underbenefited, the other partner tended to feel overbenefited. The results are explained on the basis of the agentic model of narcissism. All three studies consistently revealed a gender effect indicating that women felt more underbenefited than men in terms of attractiveness.


2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Brent Donnellan ◽  
Robert A. Ackerman ◽  
Aaron Hands ◽  
Christopher Hopwood ◽  
Edward A. Witt

Psychotherapy ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 184-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annalisa Tanzilli ◽  
Laura Muzi ◽  
Elsa Ronningstam ◽  
Vittorio Lingiardi

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