Left Ventricular Hemodynamics, Regional Blood Flow, and Lactate Metabolism During Balloon Occlusion: Can we Alter the Sequence of Ischemic Events?

1984 ◽  
pp. 37-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. W. Serruys ◽  
M. van den Brand ◽  
R. W. Brower ◽  
P. G. Hugenhoĺtz
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Regional Blood Flow ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Balloon Occlusion ◽  
Lactate Metabolism ◽  
Ischemic Events

Effect of neuropeptides released from sensory nerves on blood flow in the rat airway microcirculation

1992 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 1563-1570 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Piedimonte ◽  
J. I. Hoffman ◽  
W. K. Husseini ◽  
W. L. Hiser ◽  
J. A. Nadel
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Substance P ◽  
Regional Blood Flow ◽  
Reference Sample ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Sensory Nerves ◽  
Microvascular Blood Flow ◽  
Systemic Injection ◽  
Airway Mucosa ◽  
Stimulation Of

Stimulation of sensory nerves in the airway mucosa causes local release of the neuropeptides substance P and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP). In this study we used a modification of the reference-sample microsphere technique to measure changes in regional blood flow and cardiac output distribution produced in the rat by substance P, CGRP, and capsaicin (a drug that releases endogenous neuropeptides from sensory nerves). Three sets of microspheres labeled with different radionuclides were injected into the left ventricle of anesthetized F344 rats before, immediately after, and 5 min after left ventricular injections of capsaicin, substance P, or CGRP. The reference blood sample was withdrawn from the abdominal aorta and was simultaneously replaced with 0.9% NaCl at 37 degrees C. We found that stimulation of sensory nerves with a low dose of capsaicin causes a large and selective increase in microvascular blood flow in the extrapulmonary airways. The effect of capsaicin is mimicked by systemic injection of substance P but not by CGRP, suggesting that substance P is the main agent of neurogenic vasodilation in rat airways.

Reduced effect of phenylephrine on regional myocardial function and O2 consumption in experimental LVH

1995 ◽  
Vol 268 (3) ◽  
pp. H1202-H1207
Author(s):  
A. Roitstein ◽  
B. V. Cheinberg ◽  
J. Kedem ◽  
J. Tse ◽  
H. R. Weiss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Radioligand Binding ◽  
Dissociation Constants ◽  
Regional Blood Flow ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Adrenergic Blockade ◽  
O2 Consumption ◽  
Adrenergic Stimulation ◽  
Alpha Adrenoceptor ◽  
Myocardial O2 Consumption

In a dog model of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) created by aortic valve plication, we examined the hypothesis that regional myocardial inotropic and metabolic responses to alpha-adrenergic stimulation would be diminished due to decreased alpha-adrenoceptor number. After systemic beta-adrenergic blockade, phenylephrine (PE, 5 micrograms.kg-1.min-1) was infused into the left anterior descending artery in eight LVH and nine control open-chest anesthetized dogs. The circumflex region served as control. In both regions, local segment work was calculated as the integrated products of force (miniature transducer) and segment shortening (ultrasonic crystals). Local myocardial O2 consumption was calculated from regional blood flow (microspheres) and O2 saturation (microspectrophotometry). A saturation radioligand binding assay was used to determine adrenoceptor number and affinity. In control animals in the treated region, PE increased work from 815 +/- 140 to 1,493 +/- 149 g.mm.min-1. In LVH, work was not significantly altered (688 +/- 142 vs. 730 +/- 149 g.mm.min-1). Regional blood flow was elevated in controls (81 +/- 10 to 141 +/- 24 ml.min-1.100 g-1) but was not changed in LVH (105 +/- 12 vs. 123 +/- 18 ml.min-1.100 g-1). In controls, but not in LVH, myocardial O2 consumption was almost doubled during PE infusion (6.2 +/- 0.9 vs. 12.0 +/- 2.1 ml O2.min-1.100 g-1). alpha-Adrenoceptor number and dissociation constants values were not different between control and LVH (15.7 +/- 2.8 vs. 16.4 +/- 2.7 fmol/mg protein; 13.2 +/- 3.4 vs. 16.9 +/- 4.3 nm, respectively).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

PV Loops and REBOA During Hemorrhage and Resuscitation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
David P Stonko ◽  
Joseph Edwards ◽  
Hossam Abdou ◽  
Noha N Elansary ◽  
Eric Lang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Hemorrhagic Shock ◽  
Left Ventricular Pressure ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Balloon Occlusion ◽  
Aortic Occlusion ◽  
Loop Analysis ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Great Vessels ◽  
The Brain

Abstract Retrograde Endovascular Balloon Occlusion of the Aorta (REBOA) is frequently used in hemorrhagic shock to facilitate resuscitation. In theory, aortic occlusion increases afterload and focuses perfusion to the coronary arteries and great vessels; also to focus perfusion to the brain. It is, however, unknown exactly how and to what extent REBOA impacts cardiovascular parameters such as preload, afterload and contractility, or coronary artery blood flow. It is also not known how these parameters evolve over time during REBOA as it is shifted from fully to partially occlusive, or weaned down entirely. We aim to use left ventricular Pressure-Volume (PV) loop analysis and directly measure coronary flow in swine as they descend into hemorrhagic shock, are resuscitated with full aortic occlusion with REBOA, transitioned to partial aortic occlusion with REBOA, and then weaned completely off of the REBOA and are resuscitated. We will examine, specifically, measures of preload, afterload, contractility and coronary blood flow during each study time period (baseline, hemorrhagic shock, full aortic occlusion, partial aortic occlusion, and post-occlusion during resuscitation).

Regional blood flow during simulated diving in the conscious Weddell seal

1979 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 968-973 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. M. Zapol ◽  
G. C. Liggins ◽  
R. C. Schneider ◽  
J. Qvist ◽  
M. T. Snider ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Regional Blood Flow ◽  
Bronchial Artery ◽  
Weddell Seal ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Artery Blood Flow ◽  
Peripheral Vascular ◽  
Arteriovenous Shunting ◽  
Control Value ◽  
Vascular Bed

Changes in regional blood flow during simulated normobaric diving were studied in the conscious Antarctic Weddell seal (Leptonychotes weddelli) by injecting 25-microns radioactive microspheres into the left ventricle. Injections were performed before and 8--12 min after submersion of the head in iced seawater. Diving was associated with a fall in cardiac output from a mean control value of 39.8 +/- 10.2 to 5.6 +/- 3.4 l/min (mean +/- SD) and in heart rate from 52 +/- 15 to 15 +/- 4 beats/min. Blood flow to the splanchnic and peripheral vascular bed was reduced by more than 90%, cerebral blood flow was unchanged, right and left ventricular blood flow decreased by 85%, and adrenal blood flow decreased by 39%. The pulmonary fraction of the injected microsphere dose increased from 7.9 to 29.9% during diving. This may signify a large increase of peripheral arteriovenous shunting during the dive and/or increased bronchial artery blood flow. It is concluded that blood flow during diving is directed to organs and tissues according to their metabolic requirements.

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