From City Hierarchy to City Network: Reflections about an Emerging Paradigm

1993 ◽  
pp. 66-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto P. Camagni
Keyword(s):  
City Network

Pattern Recognition of Travel Mobility in a City Destination: Application of Network Motif Analytics

2021 ◽  
pp. 004728752110247
Author(s):  
Sangwon Park ◽  
Ren Ridge Zhong
Keyword(s):  
Network Science ◽  
Network Motif ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Movement Patterns ◽  
Urban Tourism ◽  
Lengths Of Stay ◽  
Sustainable Planning ◽  
Total Movement ◽  
City Network ◽  
Travel Behaviors

Urban tourism is considered a complex system. Tourists who visit cities have diverse purposes, leading to multifaceted travel behaviors. Understanding travel movement patterns is crucial in developing sustainable planning for urban tourism. Built on network science, this article discusses 12 key topologies of travel patterns/flow occurring in a city network by applying network motif analytics. The 12 significant types of travel mobility can account for approximately 50% of the total movement patterns. In addition, this study presents variations in travel movement patterns depending on not only different lengths of stay in topological structures of travel mobility, but also relative proportions of each type. As a result, this article suggests an interdisciplinary approach that adopts the network science method to better understand city travel behaviors. Important methodological and practical implications that could be useful for city destination planners are suggested.

scholarly journals Environmental Impact and External Costs Associated with Hub-and-Spoke Network in Air Transport

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 465
Author(s):  
Mengyuan Sun ◽  
Yong Tian ◽  
Yao Zhang ◽  
Muhammad Nadeem ◽  
Can Xu
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Strategic Decision ◽  
Air Transport ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Pollutant Emission ◽  
Civil Aviation ◽  
External Costs ◽  
Hub And Spoke ◽  
City Network

Under the background of economic globalization, the air transport industry developed rapidly. It turns out that the city-to-city network has not been able to adapt well to the development of the society, and the hub-and-spoke network came into being. The hub-and-spoke network demonstrates the advantages of reducing the operating costs of airlines to keep a competitive advantage, and by maintaining the interests of airlines in the rapidly developing context. However, during the operation of aircrafts, they consume fuel and spew a great deal of harmful pollutants into the air, which has an adverse impact on the living environment. This paper explores the impact and external costs associated with hub-and-spoke network in air transport from an environmental perspective. With some mathematical models, we construct a hub-and-spoke network and take a quantitative study on the environmental impact of air transport. For calculating pollutant emissions, meteorological conditions were considered to revise the pollutant emission factors of the Engine Emissions Data Base (EEDB) published by International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO). The environmental external costs measurement model is employed to calculate the externality of toxic gas and greenhouse gas (GHG). In order to make the study more convincing, two alternative networks are computed: hub-and-spoke network and city-to-city network. It is found that the hub-and-spoke network is associated with poorer environmental impact and environmental external costs because of the different network characteristics and the scale of the fleets. Therefore, under the general trend of green aviation, the environmental impact and environmental external costs associated with hub-and-spoke network in air transport provides a certain reference for airlines’ strategic decision-making.

scholarly journals World City Network Integration in the Eurasian Realm

2010 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 385-401 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Bassens ◽  
Ben Derudder ◽  
Peter J. Taylor ◽  
Pengfei Ni ◽  
Michael Hoyler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
World City ◽  
Network Integration ◽  
World City Network ◽  
City Network

scholarly journals FOCAN: A Fog-supported smart city network architecture for management of applications in the Internet of Everything environments

2019 ◽  
Vol 132 ◽  
pp. 274-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paola G. Vinueza Naranjo ◽  
Zahra Pooranian ◽  
Mohammad Shojafar ◽  
Mauro Conti ◽  
Rajkumar Buyya
Keyword(s):  
Smart City ◽  
Network Architecture ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Internet Of Everything ◽  
City Network

Inner-City Network Cases

2016 ◽  
pp. 161-209
Author(s):  
J. M. Hurst
Keyword(s):  
Inner City ◽  
City Network
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