The Development of Sensitivity of Kenetic, Binocular and Pictorial Depth Information in Human Infants

1985 ◽  
pp. 113-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albert Yonas ◽  
Carl E. Granrud
Keyword(s):  
Depth Information ◽  
Human Infants ◽  
Pictorial Depth

scholarly journals Development of sensitivity to static pictorial depth information

1973 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 361-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Benson ◽  
Albert Yonas
Keyword(s):  
Depth Information ◽  
Pictorial Depth

Sensitivity of 5- and 7-month-old infants to pictorial depth information

1981 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 162-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth Kaufmann ◽  
Joan Maland ◽  
Albert Yonas
Keyword(s):  
Depth Information ◽  
Pictorial Depth

Infant Macaque Monkeys Respond to Pictorial Depth

1993 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Virginia M. Gunderson ◽  
Albert Yonas ◽  
Patricia L. Sargent ◽  
Kimberly S. Grant-Webster
Keyword(s):  
Relative Size ◽  
Macaca Nemestrina ◽  
Linear Perspective ◽  
Primate Species ◽  
Depth Information ◽  
Texture Gradient ◽  
Depth Cues ◽  
Western Art ◽  
Pictorial Depth ◽  
Nonhuman Primate Species

The studies described here are the first to demonstrate that a nonhuman primate species is capable of responding to pictorial depth information during infancy. In two experiments, pigtailed macaque ( Macaca nemestrina) infants were tested for responsivity to the pictorial depth cues of texture gradient/linear perspective and relative size. The procedures were adapted from human studies and are based on the proclivity of infants to reach more frequently to closer objects than to objects that are farther away. The stimulus displays included two equidistant objects that, when viewed monocularly, appear separated in space because of an illusion created by pictorial depth cues. When presented with these displays, animals reached significantly more often to the apparently closer objects under monocular conditions than under binocular conditions. These findings suggest that infant macaques are sensitive to pictorial depth information, the implication being that this ability has ancient phylogenetic origins and is not learned from exposure to the conventions of Western art.

Infants' sensitivity to pictorial depth information

1984 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 391
Author(s):  
Albert Yonas ◽  
Carl E. Granrud
Keyword(s):  
Depth Information ◽  
Pictorial Depth

scholarly journals Children’s sensitivity to pictorial depth information

1975 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard K. Olson
Keyword(s):  
Depth Information ◽  
Pictorial Depth

scholarly journals The effect of pictorial depth information on projected size judgments

2009 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 207-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. K. Farran ◽  
A. Whitaker ◽  
N. Patel
Keyword(s):  
Depth Information ◽  
Pictorial Depth

Functional characterization of human brown adipose tissue metabolism

2020 ◽  
Vol 477 (7) ◽  
pp. 1261-1286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie Anne Richard ◽  
Hannah Pallubinsky ◽  
Denis P. Blondin
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Functional Characterization ◽  
Human Infants ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Treatment Of Obesity ◽  
And Function

Brown adipose tissue (BAT) has long been described according to its histological features as a multilocular, lipid-containing tissue, light brown in color, that is also responsive to the cold and found especially in hibernating mammals and human infants. Its presence in both hibernators and human infants, combined with its function as a heat-generating organ, raised many questions about its role in humans. Early characterizations of the tissue in humans focused on its progressive atrophy with age and its apparent importance for cold-exposed workers. However, the use of positron emission tomography (PET) with the glucose tracer [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose ([18F]FDG) made it possible to begin characterizing the possible function of BAT in adult humans, and whether it could play a role in the prevention or treatment of obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D). This review focuses on the in vivo functional characterization of human BAT, the methodological approaches applied to examine these features and addresses critical gaps that remain in moving the field forward. Specifically, we describe the anatomical and biomolecular features of human BAT, the modalities and applications of non-invasive tools such as PET and magnetic resonance imaging coupled with spectroscopy (MRI/MRS) to study BAT morphology and function in vivo, and finally describe the functional characteristics of human BAT that have only been possible through the development and application of such tools.

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