treatment of obesity
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Biomedicines ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 153
Author(s):  
Stepan Melnyk ◽  
Reza Hakkak

Obesity is growing worldwide epidemic. Animal models can provide some clues about the etiology, development, prevention, and treatment of obesity. We examined and compared serum metabolites between seven lean (L) and seven obese (O) female Zucker rats to investigate the individual serum metabolic profile. A combination of HPLC-UV, HPLC-ECD, and LC-MS revealed more than 400 peaks. The 50 highest quality peaks were selected as the focus of our study. Untargeted metabolomics analysis showed significantly higher mean peak heights for 20 peaks in L rats, generally distributed randomly, except for a cluster (peaks 44–50) where L showed stable dominancy over O. Only eight peaks were significantly higher in O rats. Peak height ratios between pairs of L and O rats were significantly higher at 199 positions in L rats and at 123 positions in O rats. Targeted metabolomics analysis showed significantly higher levels of methionine, cysteine, tryptophan, kynurenic acid, and cysteine/cystine ratio in L rats and significantly higher levels of cystine and tyrosine in O rats. These results contribute to a better understanding of systemic metabolic perturbations in the obese Zucker rat model, emphasizing the value of both whole metabolome and individual metabolic profiles in the design and interpretation of studies using animal models.


Author(s):  
Harini R ◽  
Chandramohan A

The escalating problem of obesity has become a cause of great concern in the world today as it leads to adverse effects on human health, including cardiovascular diseases, cancer etc. The major causes of obesity may be attributed to sedentary lifestyle and bad food habits. Conventional modalities to tackle obesity are not free from side-effects. Urgency of a novel, nontoxic means needs to be developed to control obesity. In this study we aim to screen the phytochemical compounds of Camellia Sinensis and evaluate its antiobesity and antioxidant effects. The methanolic extract of Camellia Sinensis was analyzed for its phytochemical screening and assayed for its in-vitro activity against pancreatic lipase, its antioxidant potential and quantitative estimation of flavonoids and phenolics were done. The methanolic extract of Camellia Sinensis strongly inhibited pancreatic lipase by 63% and it also possesses a strong antioxidant effect and there was a significant positive correlation between phenolics, flavonoids and with alkaloid contents. From these results, it could be concluded that methanolic extracts of Camellia Sinensis possesses antipancreatic lipase compounds. It also possesses antioxidant effect. It is suggested that the phytochemical compounds from there plants may be applied for the prevention and treatment of obesity or hyperlipidemia. Keywords: Obesity, Camellia Sinensis, Pancreatic lipase, Antioxidant, Phenolic


Author(s):  
Elham Shams ◽  
Vijayvardhan Kamalumpundi ◽  
Joshua Peterson ◽  
Ronaldo Altenburg Gismondi ◽  
Wille Oigman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  

2022 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luigi Barrea ◽  
Ludovica Verde ◽  
Claudia Vetrani ◽  
Francesca Marino ◽  
Sara Aprano ◽  
...  

Abstract Background Very Low-Calorie Ketogenic Diet (VLCKD) is currently a promising approach for the treatment of obesity. However, little is known about the side effects since most of the studies reporting them were carried out in normal weight subjects following Ketogenic Diet for other purposes than obesity. Thus, the aims of the study were: (1) to investigate the safety of VLCKD in subjects with obesity; (2) if VLCKD-related side effects could have an impact on its efficacy. Methods In this prospective study we consecutively enrolled 106 subjects with obesity (12 males and 94 females, BMI 34.98 ± 5.43 kg/m2) that underwent to VLCKD. In all subjects we recorded side effects at the end of ketogenic phase and assessed anthropometric parameters at the baseline and at the end of ketogenic phase. In a subgroup of 25 subjects, we also assessed biochemical parameters. Results No serious side effects occurred in our population and those that did occur were clinically mild and did not lead to discontinuation of the dietary protocol as they could be easily managed by healthcare professionals or often resolved spontaneously. Nine (8.5%) subjects stopped VLCKD before the end of the protocol for the following reasons: 2 (1.9%) due to palatability and 7 (6.1%) due to excessive costs. Finally, there were no differences in terms of weight loss percentage (13.5 ± 10.9% vs 18.2 ± 8.9%; p = 0.318) in subjects that developed side effects and subjects that did not developed side effects. Conclusion Our study demonstrated that VLCKD is a promising, safe and effective therapeutic tool for people with obesity. Despite common misgivings, side effects are mild, transient and can be prevented and managed by adhering to the appropriate indications and contraindications for VLCKD, following well-organized and standardized protocols and performing adequate clinical and laboratory monitoring.


Obesities ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Heitor O. Santos

Clinical studies addressing the benefits of intermittent fasting (IF) diets have evoked interest in the treatment of obesity. Herein, the overall effects of IF regimens on fat-mass loss are explained in a brief review through a recent literature update. To date, human studies show a reduction in fat mass from 0.7 to 11.3 kg after IF regimens, in which the duration of interventions ranges from two weeks to one year. In light of this, IF regimens can be considered a reasonable approach to weight (fat mass) loss. However, the benefits of IF regimens occur thanks to energy restriction and cannot hence be considered the best dietary protocol compared to conventional diets.


2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sreelekshmi Sreeku ◽  
Vinu Vijayan ◽  
Fathe Singh ◽  
Manu Sudhakar ◽  
Kiran M S

Abstract The white adipose tissues are metabolically inert which results in deranged biological signalling disorders resulting in obesity. Lack of vascularisation in these tissues is mainly responsible to make them metabolically inert. Not much work has been done in this direction to understand the role of angiogenesis in white adipocytes metabolism. In the present study, we evaluated the effect of angiogenic modulator in modulating the metabolism in white adipocyte. Nutraceuticals apigenin (Apg) was employed as angiogenic modulator. The results indicated that promoting angiogenesis by Apg enhanced the de novo differentiation and trans-differentiation of white adipocyte into brown like phenotype by triggering vascular endothelial growth factor A. Cross talk between endothelial and adipocytes were observed in co-culture studies. The metabolic shift in white adipocytes was observed to be due to the upregulation of PRDM16 cascade. The study provides new insights for inducing metabolic shift in white adipocytes by modulation of angiogenesis in white adipocyte to trigger browning for the treatment of obesity. Further the study opens scopes for development of medical devices for obese subjects, an area that needs to be addressed specifically with reference to soft tissue engineering as commercial soft tissue engineering scaffolds does not suit the obese patients.


2022 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharine Barnard-Kelly ◽  
Clare A. Whicher ◽  
Hermione C. Price ◽  
Peter Phiri ◽  
Shanaya Rathod ◽  
...  

Abstract Background People with severe mental illness are two to three times more likely to be overweight or have obesity than the general population and this is associated with significant morbidity and premature mortality. Liraglutide 3 mg is a once daily injectable GLP-1 receptor agonist that is licensed for the treatment of obesity in the general population and has the potential to be used in people with severe mental illness. Aims To record the expectations and experiences of people with schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorders or first episode psychosis taking daily liraglutide 3 mg injections in a clinical trial for the treatment of obesity. To seek the views of healthcare professionals about the feasibility of delivering the intervention in routine care. Methods Qualitative interviews were undertaken with a purposive sub-sample of people with schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorders or first episode psychosis with overweight or obesity who were treated with a daily injection of liraglutide 3 mg in a double-blinded, randomised controlled pilot study evaluating the use of liraglutide for the treatment of obesity. Interviews were also conducted with healthcare professionals. Results Seventeen patient participants were interviewed. Sixteen took part in the baseline interview, eight completed both baseline and follow-up interviews, and one took part in follow-up interview only. Mean interview duration was thirteen minutes (range 5-37 min). Despite reservations by some participants about the injections before the study, most of those who completed the trial reported no challenges in the timing of or administering the injections. Key themes included despondency regarding prior medication associated weight gain, quality of life impact of weight loss, practical aspects of participation including materials received and clinic attendance. Healthcare professionals reported challenges with recruitment, however, overall it was a positive experience for them and for participants. Conclusion Liraglutide appears to be an acceptable therapy for obesity in this population with limited side effects. The quality of life benefits realised by several intervention participants reinforce the biomedical benefits of achieved weight loss.


2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-104
Author(s):  
Minjin Cho ◽  
Sungha Kim ◽  
Hojun Kim ◽  
Mi Young Song
Keyword(s):  

2021 ◽  
Vol 148 (12) ◽  
pp. 78-85
Author(s):  
Pham Thi Van Anh ◽  
Tran Thai Ha ◽  
Ta Minh Nguyet ◽  
Dinh Thi Thu Hang

It has recently become obvious that the prevalence of obesity has been rapidly increasing in Vietnam, as well as other countries, over the past two decades. There has been a current trend for researchers to discover new natural ingredients which are safe and effective in the treatment of obesity. RABELLA powder was a herbal-derived product which contained Amorphophalus konjac (K. Koch starch). This plant was used as an oral medication for controlling body weight in the past as well as in the present. So far, the safety of this product, has not been reported yet in Vietnam. Thus, this study was designed to assess the subchronic toxicity of RABELLA powder in Wistar rats. The method used in this study followed the guidance of the World Health Organization and Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development; 2 oral doses of 1.2 g/kg b.w/day and 3.6 g/kg b.w/day was administered to rats for 12 consecutive weeks. The results show that RABELLA powder caused no significant change in the general condition, hematological indexes, functions and microscopic images of livers and kidneys. We conclude that RABELLA powder did not cause subchronic toxicity in experimental rats. Moreover, this also revealed partly the safety of RABELLA powder in clinical practice.


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