Neurosurgical Intervention for Treatment-Resistant Psychiatric Disorders

2018 ◽  
pp. 377-403
Author(s):  
Daniel E. Nijensohn ◽  
Teodoro Forcht Dagi
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Treatment Resistant ◽  
Neurosurgical Intervention

Euthanasia and assisted suicide for psychiatric disorders

2018 ◽  
pp. 251-290
Author(s):  
Walter Glannon
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Assisted Suicide ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Patient Experiences ◽  
Treatment Resistant Depression ◽  
Physician Assisted Suicide ◽  
Treatment Resistant ◽  
Reasonable Limit ◽  
Resistant Depression

This chapter discusses reasons for and against euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide for patients with treatment-resistant depression or other psychiatric disorders. Although these actions may seem anathema to the goal of treating psychiatric patients in order to prevent suicide, there may be cases in which it would be permissible to bring about or assist in the death of a person with one of these disorders. The permissibility of these actions depends on four conditions. First, the patient must be competent enough to weigh the reasons for and against euthanasia and assisted suicide. Second, the patient must make an informed and persistent request for it. Third, the suffering the patient experiences from the disorder must be unbearable and interminable. Fourth, the disorder must be resistant to all indicated treatments given to the patient over many years. There must be a reasonable limit to the time a patient could be expected to wait for a possible treatment that might relieve symptoms. Any right to euthanasia or assisted suicide entails at most a permission and not an obligation for a physician to perform these actions.

scholarly journals 13th National Congress of the South African Society of Psychiatrists, 20-23 September 2004

2004 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugene Allers ◽  
Christer Allgulander ◽  
Sean Exner Baumann ◽  
Charles L Bowden ◽  
P Buckley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
South African ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Treatment Resistant ◽  
Art And Science ◽  
Convulsive Therapy ◽  
Adequate Treatment ◽  
Research Issues ◽  
Recent Advances

List of abstacts and authors:1. Integrating the art and science of psychiatryEugene Allers2. Chronic pain as a predictor of outcome in an inpatient Psychiatric populationEugene Allers and Gerhard Grundling3. Recent advances in social phobiaChrister Allgulander4. Clinical management of patients with anxiety disordersChrister Allgulander5. Do elephants suffer from Schizophrenia? (Or do the Schizophrenias represent a disorder of self consciousness?) A Southern African perspectiveSean Exner Baumann6. Long term maintenance treatment of Bipolar Disorder: Preventing relapseCharles L. Bowden7. Predictors of response to treatments for Bipolar DisorderCharles L. Bowden8. Aids/HIV knowledge and high risk behaviour: A Geo-graphical comparison in a schizophrenia populationP Buckley, S van Vuuren, L Koen, J E Muller, C Seller, H Lategan, D J H Niehaus9. Does Marijuana make you go mad?David J Castle10. Understanding and management of Treatment Resistant SchizophreniaDavid J Castle11. Workshop on research and publishingDavid J Castle12. From victim to victor: Without a self-help bookBeatrix Jacqueline Coetzee13. The evaluation of the Gender Dysphoric patientFranco Colin14. Dissociation: A South African modelA M Dikobe, C K Mataboge, L M Motlana, B F Sokudela, C Kruger15. Designated smoking rooms...and other "Secret sins" of psychiatry: Tobacco cessation approaches in the severely mentally illCharl Els16. Dual diagnosis: Implications for treatment and prognosisCharl Els17. Body weight, glucose metabolism and the new generation antipsychoticsRobin Emsley18. Neurological abnormalities in first episode Schizophrenia: Temporal stability and clinical and outcome correlatesRobin Emsley, H Jadri Turner, Piet P Oosthuizen, Jonathan Carr19. Mythology of depressive illnesses among AfricansSenathi Fisha20. Substance use and High school dropoutAlan J. Flisher, Lorraine Townsend, Perpetual Chikobvu, Carl Lombard, Gary King21. Psychosis and Psychotic disordersA E Gangat 22. Vulnerability of individuals in a family system to develop a psychiatric disorderGerhard Grundling and Eugene Allers23. What does it Uberhaupt mean to "Integrate"?Jürgen Harms24. Research issues in South African child and adolescent psychiatryS M Hawkridge25. New religious movements and psychiatry: The Good NewsV H Hitzeroth26. The pregnant heroin addict: Integrating theory and practice in the development and provision of a service for this client groupV H Hitzeroth, L Kramer27. Autism spectrum disorderErick Hollander28. Recent advances and management in treatment resistanceEric Hollander29. Bipolar mixed statesM. Leigh Janet30. Profile of acute psychiatric inpatients tested for HIV - Helen Jospeh Hospital, JohannesburgA B R Janse van Rensburg31. ADHD - Using the art of film-making as an education mediumShabeer Ahmed Jeeva32. Treatment of adult ADHD co-morbiditiesShabeer Ahmed Jeeva33. Needs and services at ward one, Valkenberg HospitalDr J. A. Joska, Prof. A.J. Flisher34. Unanswered questions in the adequate treatment of depressionModerator: Dr Andre F JoubertExpert: Prof. Tony Hale35. Unanswered questions in treatment resistant depressionModerator: Dr Andre F JoubertExpert: Prof. Sidney Kennedy36. Are mentally ill people dangerous?Sen Z Kaliski37. The child custody circusSean Z. Kaliski38. The appropriatenes of certification of patients to psychiatric hospitalsV. N. Khanyile39. HIV/Aids Psychosocial responses and ethical dilemmasFred Kigozi40. Sex and PsychiatryB Levinson41. Violence and abuse in psychiatric in-patient institutions: A South African perspectiveMarilyn Lucas, John Weinkoove, Dean Stevenson42. Public health sector expenditure for mental health - A baseline study for South AfricaE N Madela-Mntla43. HIV in South Africa: Depression and CD4 countM Y H Moosa, F Y Jeenah44. Clinical strategies in dealing with treatment resistant schizophreniaPiet Oosthuizen, Dana Niehaus, Liezl Koen45. Buprenorphine/Naloxone maintenance in office practice: 18 months and 170 patients after the American releaseTed Parran Jr, Chris Adelman46. Integration of Pharmacotherapy for Opioid dependence into general psychiatric practice: Naltrexone, Methadone and Buprenorphine/ NaloxoneTed Parran47. Our African understanding of individulalism and communitarianismWillie Pienaar48. Healthy ageing and the prevention of DementiaFelix Potocnik, Susan van Rensburg, Christianne Bouwens49. Indigenous plants and methods used by traditional African healers for treatinf psychiatric patients in the Soutpansberg Area (Research was done in 1998)Ramovha Muvhango Rachel50. Symptom pattern & associated psychiatric disorders in subjects with possible & confirmed 22Q11 deletional syndromeJ.L. Roos, H.W. Pretorius, M. Karayiorgou51. Duration of antidepressant treatment: How long is long enough? How long is too longSteven P Roose52. A comparison study of early non-psychotic deviant behaviour in the first ten years of life, in Afrikaner patients with Schizophrenia, Schizo-affective disorder and Bipolar disorderMartin Scholtz, Melissa Janse van Rensburg, J. Louw Roos53. Treatment, treatment issues, and prevention of PTSD in women: An updateSoraya Seedat54. Fron neural networks to clinical practiceM Spitzer55. Opening keynote presentation: The art and science of PsychiatryM Spitzer56. The future of Pharmacotherapy for anxiety disordersDan J. Stein57. Neuropsychological deficits pre and post Electro Convulsive Therapy (ECT) thrice a week: A report of four casesUgash Subramaney, Yusuf Moosa58. Prevalence of and risk factors for Tradive Dyskinesia in a Xhosa population in the Eastern CapeDave Singler, Betty D. Patterson, Sandi Willows59. Eating disorders: Addictive disorders?Christopher Paul Szabo60. Ethical challenges and dilemmas of research in third world countriesGodfrey B. Tangwa61. The interface between Neurology and Psychiatry with specific focus on Somatoform dissociative disordersMichael Trimble62. Prevalence and correlates of depression and anxiety in doctors and teachersH Van der Bijl, P Oosthuizen63. Ingrid Jonker: A psychological analysisL. M. van der Merwe64. The strange world we live in, and the nature of the human subjectVasi van Deventer65. Art in psychiatry: Appendix or brain stem?C W van Staden66. Medical students on what "Soft skills" are about before and after curriculum reformC W van Staden, P M Joubert, A-M Bergh, G E Pickworth, W J Schurink, R R du Preez, J L Roos, C Kruger, S V Grey, B G Lindeque67. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) - Medical management. Methylphenidate (Ritalin) or Atomoxetine (Strattera)Andre Venter68. A comprehensive guide to the treatment of adults with ADHDW J C Verbeeck69. Treatment of Insomnia: Stasis of the Art?G C Verster70. Are prisoners vulnerable research participants?Merryll Vorster71. Psychiatric disorders in the gymMerryl Vorster72. Ciprales: Effects on anxiety symptoms in Major Depressive DisorderBruce Lydiard

scholarly journals Early augmentation by using neuromodulation in psychiatric disorder: a kaleidoscopic view

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Sujita Kumar Kar ◽  
Vikas Menon
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Psychiatric Disorder ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Psychological Treatment ◽  
Treatment Resistant ◽  
Traditional Treatment ◽  
Early Symptom ◽  
Early Return ◽  
Augmentation Strategies ◽  
Augmentation Strategy

Abstract Early augmentation is a relatively newer concept in the management of psychiatric disorders. In managing psychiatric disorders, augmentation strategies are commonly used after failed attempts of optimization of a dose of the medications and then switching to another medication. Neuromodulation methods are recommended by traditional treatment recommendations as augmenting strategies (mostly) in managing treatment-resistant/refractory cases of psychiatric disorders. Late in the process of therapy, several of these techniques are applied to the patient. However, using different neuromodulation techniques, early augmentation of the ongoing pharmacological or psychological treatment may be achieved, resulting in early symptom reduction or remission and early return to work by resuming functionality. The length of the symptomatic cycle may be shortened by early augmentation. There are several potential challenges to adopting an early augmentation strategy in clinical practice. This article discusses the concept and evidence of early augmentation strategy in managing psychiatric disorder by using neuromodulation technique and potential challenges before it.

scholarly journals Mobile Phone and Wearable Sensor-Based mHealth Approaches for Psychiatric Disorders and Symptoms: Systematic Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. e9819 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jussi Seppälä ◽  
Ilaria De Vita ◽  
Timo Jämsä ◽  
Jouko Miettunen ◽  
Matti Isohanni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Wearable Sensors ◽  
Bipolar Disorders ◽  
Quantitative Information ◽  
Sensor Data ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Treatment Resistant ◽  
Horizon 2020

BackgroundMobile Therapeutic Attention for Patients with Treatment-Resistant Schizophrenia (m-RESIST) is an EU Horizon 2020-funded project aimed at designing and validating an innovative therapeutic program for treatment-resistant schizophrenia. The program exploits information from mobile phones and wearable sensors for behavioral tracking to support intervention administration.ObjectiveTo systematically review original studies on sensor-based mHealth apps aimed at uncovering associations between sensor data and symptoms of psychiatric disorders in order to support the m-RESIST approach to assess effectiveness of behavioral monitoring in therapy.MethodsA systematic review of the English-language literature, according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, was performed through Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases. Studies published between September 1, 2009, and September 30, 2018, were selected. Boolean search operators with an iterative combination of search terms were applied.ResultsStudies reporting quantitative information on data collected from mobile use and/or wearable sensors, and where that information was associated with clinical outcomes, were included. A total of 35 studies were identified; most of them investigated bipolar disorders, depression, depression symptoms, stress, and symptoms of stress, while only a few studies addressed persons with schizophrenia. The data from sensors were associated with symptoms of schizophrenia, bipolar disorders, and depression.ConclusionsAlthough the data from sensors demonstrated an association with the symptoms of schizophrenia, bipolar disorders, and depression, their usability in clinical settings to support therapeutic intervention is not yet fully assessed and needs to be scrutinized more thoroughly.

A Comparison of Comorbid Patterns in Treatment-Resistant Unipolar and Bipolar Depression

1995 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 270-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Verinder Sharma ◽  
Dwight Mazmanian ◽  
Emmanuel Persad ◽  
Karen Kueneman
Keyword(s):  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Bipolar Depression ◽  
Treatment Resistance ◽  
Unipolar Depression ◽  
Treatment Resistant ◽  
Entire Sample ◽  
Clinical Interviews ◽  
Axis I ◽  
Bipolar Patients

Objective To examine the occurrence of concomitant psychiatric disorders in patients with treatment-resistant unipolar and bipolar depression. Method Forty-nine patients participated as subjects. Twenty-four (49%) had unipolar depression and 25 (51%) had bipolar depression using DSM-III-R criteria. Structured clinical interviews were conducted with all patients. Chart reviews and interviews with family members were also carried out. Information relating to both current and lifetime diagnoses was obtained. Results Of the entire sample, 75.5% were found to have at least one other Axis I diagnosis and 46.9% had at least two additional Axis I diagnoses. The unipolar group had significantly more current comorbid diagnoses. When type of diagnoses was examined, unipolar patients had significantly more anxiety diagnoses at the time of the index episode, and over their entire lifetime. Bipolar patients had significantly more lifetime substance abuse diagnoses. Conclusions Axis I comorbidity appears to be differentially associated with treatment resistance in unipolar and bipolar depression.

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