From Liberal Peace to Positive Peace: Security Sector Reform in Deeply Divided Societies

2021 ◽  
pp. 999-1029
Author(s):  
Alejandra Ortiz-Ayala
Keyword(s):  
Security Sector Reform ◽  
Security Sector ◽  
Sector Reform ◽  
Divided Societies ◽  
Liberal Peace ◽  
Positive Peace

NATO Integration of Bosnia and Herzegovina: The pursuit o F local ownership in externally-led state building

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (71) ◽  
pp. 71-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sead Turčalo ◽  
Damir Kapidžić
Keyword(s):  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
State Building ◽  
Security Sector Reform ◽  
Local Ownership ◽  
Security Sector ◽  
Sector Reform ◽  
Liberal Peace ◽  
Party Elites ◽  
Technical Issues

Abstract The NATO integration of Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH) is closely tied to a strong surge in externally led state building following the conflict of the 1990s Informed by the ideals of liberal peace, one of the key components of state building was security sector reform and a restructuring of the armed forces. A shifting approach by the international community, varying between imposing decisions and insisting on local ownership, managed to establish the joint BiH Armed Forces, but allowed for the appropriation of the NATO integration process by local ethnic party elites. As a result, NATO integration in BiH regressed into an exercise in institutional reform, pursued in disarray and primarily addressing technical issues. Even if successfully brought to fruition, NATO integration will have failed to achieve the objectives of fostering substantive peace in BiH.

scholarly journals TOXIC INSTITUTION IN SECURITY SECTOR REFORM: LESSON LEARNED FROM THE FAILURE OF BUILDING SECURITY INSTITUTIONS IN EAST TIMOR

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (18) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sugito Sugito ◽  
Tulus Warsito ◽  
Achmad Nurmandi
Keyword(s):  
Field Research ◽  
East Timor ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Security Sector Reform ◽  
Security Sector ◽  
Sector Reform ◽  
State Security ◽  
Post Conflict ◽  
Liberal Peace ◽  
The Government

Liberal peace strongly believes that security sector reform (SSR) can strengthen the structure of peace and security in post-conflict countries. However, this approach is not always successful in several countries including East Timor. Based on the institutionalism approach, this study found an interesting fact that Falintil's veterans' toxic role in their relations with state security institutions had weakened the function of state security institutions and caused the insecurity of the state and people of East Timor from 2000-2008. These results were obtained through field research using qualitative-quantitative mix method research based on primary data obtained from interviews, surveys, and official documents from the United Nations and the government of East Timor.

Policing and the Legacies of Wartime State Predation: Evidence from a Survey and Field Experiment in Liberia

2021 ◽  
pp. 002200272110130
Author(s):  
Robert A. Blair ◽  
Benjamin S. Morse
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Positive Interactions ◽  
Security Sector Reform ◽  
Security Sector ◽  
Sector Reform ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
State Security ◽  
Post Conflict ◽  
Conflict Period

How does violence during civil war shape citizens’ willingness to trust and rely on state security providers in the post-conflict period? Can post-conflict security sector reform restore perceptions of state security forces among victims of wartime state predation? Using a survey and field experiment in Liberia, we show that rebel-perpetrated violence is strongly positively correlated with trust and reliance on the police after conflict is over, while state-perpetrated violence is not. Victims of wartime state predation are, however, more likely to update their priors about the police in response to positive interactions with newly reformed police officers. We also show that abuses committed by police officers in the post-conflict period are negatively correlated with citizens’ perceptions of the police, potentially counteracting the positive effects of security sector reform. We corroborate our quantitative findings with detailed qualitative observations of interactions between civilians and police officers in the field.

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