In Vitro Culture Techniques and Metabolite Engineering for Enhanced Antidiabetic Secondary Metabolite Production

2021 ◽  
pp. 211-262
Author(s):  
Israt Jahan ◽  
Ahmet Onay ◽  
Mahmut Ozan Toksoy ◽  
Sedat Kaya
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Secondary Metabolite ◽  
Secondary Metabolite Production ◽  
Metabolite Production ◽  
Culture Techniques

scholarly journals In Vitro Culture Manipulation on Pruatjan for Secondary Metabolite Production

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
Ika Roostika ◽  
Ragapadmi Purnamaningsih ◽  
Ireng Darwati ◽  
Ika Mariska
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Secondary Metabolite ◽  
Secondary Metabolite Production ◽  
Metabolite Production

<p>Purwoceng (Pimpinella pruatjan Molk. atau Pimpinella<br />alpina KDS.) adalah tanaman obat langka yang dapat dimanfaatkan<br />sebagai bahan obat afrodisik, diuretik, dan tonik.<br />Kultur in vitro tidak hanya dapat digunakan untuk konservasi<br />dan perbanyakan tanaman, melainkan dapat juga diterapkan<br />untuk produksi metabolit sekunder. Melalui teknik ini,<br />produksi metabolit sekunder tidak bergantung kepada sumber<br />tanaman di lapang. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan<br />untuk meningkatkan kadar stigmasterol melalui kultur in<br />vitro dengan menggunakan prekursor asam mevalonat. Penelitian<br />dibagi menjadi dua tahap, yaitu induksi kalus dan<br />manipulasi kultur in vitro untuk meningkatkan kadar stigmasterol.<br />Pada tahap induksi kalus, terdapat 16 perlakuan yang<br />merupakan kombinasi perlakuan 2,4-D dan pikloram<br />masing-masing pada taraf 0,5; 1,0; 1,5; dan 2,0 ppm. Untuk<br />meningkatkan kadar stigmasterol, digunakan asam mevalonat<br />pada taraf 0, 250, 500, dan 750 ppm dengan masa inkubasi<br />selama 4 dan 6 minggu. Kandungan stigmasterol dianalisis<br />menggunakan GC-MS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan<br />bahwa media P2 (DKW + 2,4-D 0,5 ppm + pikloram 1,0<br />ppm) adalah media terbaik untuk induksi kalus. Eksplan daun<br />lebih baik daripada eksplan petiol. Hasil analisis GC-MS<br />menunjukkan bahwa kandungan stigmasterol tertinggi<br />(0,0356 ppm) diperoleh dari kalus dengan masa inkubasi 4<br />minggu pada media dengan penambahan asam mevalonat<br />250 ppm. Peningkatan taraf asam mevalonat tidak mampu<br />meningkatkan kandungan stigmasterol. Kadar tersebut mirip<br />dengan kandungan stigmasterol pada planlet dari Gunung<br />Putri (0,0365 ppm) dan Dieng (0,0414 ppm). Dibandingkan<br />dengan kadarnya dalam akar tanaman dari lapang, kandungan<br />tersebut sekitar 10-100 kali lipat lebih tinggi.</p>

scholarly journals 563 Influence of Ultra-high Levels of Carbon Dioxide on Secondary Metabolite Production in Vitro

HortScience ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 543C-543
Author(s):  
Brent Tisserat ◽  
Steven Vaughn
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolite ◽  
Secondary Metabolite Production ◽  
Mentha Piperita ◽  
Thymus Vulgaris ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Mentha Spicata ◽  
Metabolite Production ◽  
Wide Range

The influence of a wide range of CO2 levels on the growth, morphogenesis, and secondary metabolite production in vitro was evaluated. Shoots of thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) and a spearmint–peppermint cross (Mentha spicata × Mentha piperita) were grown on MS medium with and without 3% sucrose under 350, 1500, 3000, 10,000, and 30,000 μL CO2/L for 8 weeks. Dichloromethane extracts from leafs were analyzed using GC-MS techniques. Prominent peaks were identified by comparison with known standards. Highest growth (i.e., fresh weight) and morphogenesis responses (i.e., leafs, shoots and roots) were obtained when shoots were grown under 10,000 μL CO2/L regardless of whether or not sucrose was included in the medium. Ultra-high CO2 concentrations (3000 μL CO2/L) stimulated secondary metabolite production regardless of whether or not the medium contained sucrose. However, the combination of certain ultra-high CO2 levels (e.g., 3000 to 10,000 μL CO2/L) and the presence of sucrose in the medium resulted in shoots producing the highest levels of secondary metabolites. These results suggest that in vitro photosynthesis, which is stimulated by ultrahigh CO2 levels, may enhance secondary metabolite production.

scholarly journals Sekonder Bitki Metabolitlerinin In Vitro Koşullarda Üretimi

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 971
Author(s):  
Tuncay Çalışkan ◽  
Rüştü Hatipoğlu ◽  
Saliha Kırıcı
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Secondary Metabolite ◽  
Plant Cell ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Food Additives ◽  
Plant Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Secondary Metabolite Production ◽  
Organ Cultures ◽  
Metabolite Production

Plant secondary metabolites are a group of organic compounds produced by plants to interact with biotic and abiotic factors and for the establishment of defence mechanism. Secondary metabolites are classified based on their biosynthetic origin and chemical structure. They have been used as pharmaceutical, agrochemical, flavours, fragrances, colours and food additives. Secondary metabolites are traditionally produced from the native grown or field grown plants. However, this conventional approach has some disadvantages such as low yield, instability of secondary metabolite contents of the plants due to geographical, seasonal and environmental variations, need for land and heavy labour to grow plants. Therefore, plant cell and organ cultures have emerged as an alternative to plant growing under field conditions for secondary metabolite production. In this literature review, present state of secondary metabolite production through plant cell and organ cultures, its problems as well as solutions of the problems were discussed.

scholarly journals The HosA Histone Deacetylase Regulates Aflatoxin Biosynthesis Through Direct Regulation of Aflatoxin Cluster Genes

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (9) ◽  
pp. 1210-1228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huahui Lan ◽  
Lianghuan Wu ◽  
Ruilin Sun ◽  
Nancy P. Keller ◽  
Kunlong Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolite ◽  
Histone Deacetylases ◽  
Trichostatin A ◽  
Secondary Metabolite Production ◽  
Fungal Development ◽  
Metabolite Production ◽  
Vitro Analysis ◽  
Aflatoxin B

Histone deacetylases (HDACs) always function as corepressors and sometimes as coactivators in the regulation of fungal development and secondary metabolite production. However, the mechanism through which HDACs play positive roles in secondary metabolite production is still unknown. Here, classical HDAC enzymes were identified and analyzed in Aspergillus flavus, a fungus that produces one of the most carcinogenic secondary metabolites, aflatoxin B1 (AFB1). Characterization of the HDACs revealed that a class I family HDAC, HosA, played crucial roles in growth, reproduction, the oxidative stress response, AFB1 biosynthesis, and pathogenicity. To a lesser extent, a class II family HDAC, HdaA, was also involved in sclerotia formation and AFB1 biosynthesis. An in vitro analysis of HosA revealed that its HDAC activity was considerably diminished at nanomolar concentrations of trichostatin A. Notably, chromatin immunoprecipitation experiments indicated that HosA bound directly to AFB1 biosynthesis cluster genes to regulate their expression. Finally, we found that a transcriptional regulator, SinA, interacts with HosA to regulate fungal development and AFB1 biosynthesis. Overall, our results reveal a novel mechanism by which classical HDACs mediate the induction of secondary metabolite genes in fungi.

In vitro organogenesis secondary metabolite production and heavy metal analysis in Swertia chirayita

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 686-698 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vijay Kumar ◽  
Shailesh Singh ◽  
Rajib Bandopadhyay ◽  
Madan Sharma ◽  
Sheela Chandra
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Secondary Metabolite ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Secondary Metabolite Production ◽  
Direct Organogenesis ◽  
Metabolite Production ◽  
Swertia Chirayita

AbstractAn efficient protocol of plant regeneration through direct and indirect organogenesis in Swertia chirayita was developed. Explants cultured on Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with 2,4-D (0.5 mg L−1) with combination of Kinetin (0.5 mg L−1) showed the highest frequency (84%) of callusing and 1.0mg L−1 6-benzyladenine (BA) in combination with (100 mg L−1) Adenine sulphate (Ads) + (0.1 mg L−1) Indole acetic acid (IAA) was excellent for maximum adventitious shoot (12.69 ± 1.30) formation in four week of culture. A maximum number of (7.14 ± 0.99) shoots were developed per leaf explants through direct organogenesis. The highest frequency of rooting (11.46 ± 1.56) was observed on MS medium augmented with IAA (1.0 mg L−1). Well-rooted shoots transferred to plastic pots containing a soilrite: sand mix and then moved to the greenhouse for further growth and development. Four major secondary metabolites were analyzed and quantified using high performance liquid chromatography. Amount of secondary metabolites was found significantly higher, in in vitro plantlets compared to in vivo plantlets and callus raised from S. chirayita. Higher heavy metal accumulation in in vitro as compared to in vivo plantlets correlates higher secondary metabolite production supporting that they play regulatory role in influencing the plant secondary metabolism.

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