aloe arborescens
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2022 ◽  
Vol 66 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 4-11
Author(s):  
O. N. Sineva

The search for new antibiotics is an urgent problem due to the spread of resistance to existing antibacterial drugs in pathogenic microorganisms. Actinomycetes are producers of a large number of antibiotics used in medicine. Most antibiotics are isolated from actinomycetes of the Streptomyces genus, while rare genera of actinomycetes can be the producers of new antibiotics.The aim of the study is to investigate the effect of the biological substances complex present in aloe juice on the growth stimulation of rare genera of actinomycetes.Material and methods. Objects: samples of sod-podzolic soil and chernozem. The standard method of sowing soil suspensions on oat agar and Gause medium No. 2 was used to isolate actinomycetes. Chemotaxonomic properties were determined using the methods of ascending thin-layer chromatography on a cellulose layer. The generic identity of cultures was determined using Bergey’s manual and materials comparing the composition of cell walls of actinobacteria. DNA PCR with standard 27f and 1492r primers, as well as Sanger sequencing, were performed to study genosystematic features. Antibiotic activity was determined against the test microorganisms: Staphylococcus aureus ИНА 00985 (FDA 209P), Staphylococcus aureus ИНА 00761 (MRSA), Staphylococcus aureus ИНА 00762 (УФ- 2), Micrococcus luteus ATCC 9341, Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Saccharomyces cerevisiae ИНА 01042.Results. A total of 527 actinomycete cultures were isolated from samples of sod-podzolic soil and chernozem with the addition of aloe juice; their phylogenetic position was determined. The dominant actinomycetes in the studied soil samples are the representatives of the genus Streptomyces. Bacteria of the genus Micromonospora take the second place by the number of isolated cultures. Rare genera of actinomycetes have also been identified: Nonomuraea, Streptosporangium, Nocardia, Actinomadura, Actinocorallia, Pseudonocardia, Amycolatopsis, Saccharomonospora, Saccharopolyspora, Promicromonospora, Kribbella. It was determined that the isolated cultures possess antibiotic activity against test microorganisms.Conclusion. It is advisable to use aloe juice after subjecting the leaves to biostimulation to isolate actinomycetes from the soil and identify their biodiversity.


2021 ◽  
pp. 193-198
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Nikolayevna Smirnova ◽  
Lidiya Ivanovna Mazaletskaya ◽  
Vyacheslav Olegovich Shvydkiy ◽  
Lyudmila Nikolayevna Shishkina

The composition of lipids isolated from leaves and juice of A. arborescens (7 years ago) and the inhibitory efficiency of lipids from leaves of A. arborescens were studied. The phospholipid (PL) fractions were divided by means of TLC method. The quantitative proportion of PL fractions was determined by spectrophotometrically. The more substantial differences in the composition of PL from leaves and juice of A. arcorescens are revealed in the proportion of the more poorly oxidizable fractions of PL. The more low relative content of PL in the total lipid composition from leaves compared with than in lipids from juice, and shares of sterols are the same for lipids from leaves and juice cause 16% diminution of the molar ratio of [sterols]/[PL] in lipids from juice of A. arborescens. Lipids from leaves are known to characterize the high inhibitory efficiency that is demonstrated by model of the low temperature autoxidation of methyl oleate in the thin layer. Using UV-spectroscopy and the mathematic analysis of spectra by Gauss method the presence of the biologically active substances which contain in lipids was analysed. There are only flavonoids in the chloroform solution of lipids from juice and flavonoids and carotenoids in the small quantity in the chloroform solution of lipids from the leaves of A. arborescens.


Metabolomics is as an innovative technique for discriminating plant species. The objective of this study was to investigate the secondary metabolites of three different Aloe species, A. vera, A. arborescens, and A. saponaria profiled by 1 H-NMR analysis. Principal component analysis (PCA) derived from the 1 H-NMR spectra indicated a clear discrimination among the Aloe species, providing high predictability and good fitness of the PCA model (R2 = 0.928 and Q2 = 865). As observed in the PLS-DA score plot, discrimination was observed in the Aloe species with respect to primary metabolites including sugar and organic acid and secondary metabolites such as phenylpropanoids and carotenoids. A. vera was characterized by high levels of malate. On the other hand, as compared to the other Aloe species, A. arborescens was characterized by higher levels of aloenin and sugar metabolites such as sucrose and glucose. Furthermore, the secondary metabolites were quantitatively analyzed by HPLC, and the amounts of carotenoids including zeaxanthin, α- and β-carotene, and phenylpropanoids in A. arborescens were found to be significantly higher than those in the other Aloe species. In conclusion, we demonstrated that 1 H-NMR-based metabolomics with chemometric analysis can be used for the facile discrimination of Aloe species.


2021 ◽  
pp. 153-161
Author(s):  
Vladimir Aleksandrovich Kurkin ◽  
Tat'yana Konstantinovna Ryazanova ◽  
Anna Anatol'yevna Shmygareva ◽  
Svetlana Nikolayevna Glushchenko

Aloe arborescens Mill., family Asphodelaceae, is a pharmacopoeial plant, the raw material of which is used for the production of medicinal products for various therapeutic uses. The standardization of Aloe species in accordance with the requirements of the British, Japanese, European Pharmacopoeias and the United States Pharmacopoeia is carried out according to the barbaloin content by the spectrophotometric method. The methods are multistage, provide for preliminary acid hydrolysis in combination with the oxidation, liquid-liquid extraction of the formed aglycones and subsequent complexation with magnesium acetate. A mixture of isomers of aloin A and aloin B (barbaloin) and aloenin were isolated by chromatographic methods. It was determined that in all electronic spectra of the extracts and preparations from the leaves of Aloe arborescens Mill., a bathochromic shift of the long-wavelength band in the alkaline-ammonia solution is observed, which confirms the presence of anthracene derivatives. Under conditions of differential absorption, a maximum absorption is observed in the range of 412–416 nm, which indicates the advisability of using barbaloin in the analysis method, which has a maximum absorption at a wavelength of 412 nm. As a result of the study, there were developed methods for the quantitative determination of the total of anthracene derivatives in leaves and preparations of Aloe arborescens Mill. by using of the differential spectrophotometry calculated on barbaloin at an analytical wavelength of 412 nm. The content of total anthracene derivatives calculated on barbaloin was 0.60±0.03% in Aloe arborescens fresh leaves, 0.5±0.02% in freshly prepared juice, 0.135±0.006% in "Aloe juice" and 0.020±0.001% in "Aloe liquid extract", solution for subcutaneous administration, produced by ZAO "Vifitech" and OAO "Dalkhimpharm".


Author(s):  
V. A. Kurkin ◽  
T. K. Ryazanova ◽  
A. A. Shmygareva ◽  
S. N. Glushchenko

Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 765
Author(s):  
Maja Leitgeb ◽  
Kaja Kupnik ◽  
Željko Knez ◽  
Mateja Primožič

Recently, the use of Aloe species has become very widespread. These are extensively used as a nutraceutical in a variety of health care products and food supplements. In addition, the occurrence of the quickly adaptable microorganisms, particularly bacteria, which can develop resistance to antibiotics, is a major problem for public health, and therefore, it is necessary to search for new antimicrobials. In our study, the content of total phenols, proanthocyanidins, and proteins in fresh and lyophilized samples of A. arborescens and A. barbadensis and their ethanol extracts was investigated. Furthermore, enzymatic and antioxidant activity of samples were studied. Since antimicrobial activity of fresh samples was determined in our latest research, a more detailed study of antimicrobial effectiveness of A. arborescens and A. barbadensis (lyophilized, extracts) was performed. Ethanol extracts in particular contain higher concentrations of bioactive substances and show the topmost antioxidant activity. The novelty of the study refers to the observation of industrially important enzyme activities such as α-amylase, cellulase, lipase, peroxidase, protease, and transglutaminase in the samples as well as the microbial growth inhibition rates determination (MGIR) at different concentrations of added aloe samples. All samples inhibited the growth of all tested microbial cells. MIC90 for A. arborescens and A. barbadensis were also determined in case of B. cereus, P. aeruginosa, P. fluorescens, and S. aureus. The results of our study tend to give credence to the popular use of both aloes in medicine and in the cosmetic, food, and pharmaceutical industries.


Author(s):  
Glushchenko Svetlana Nikolaevna ◽  
Mikhaylova Elena Alekseevna ◽  
Kurkin Vladimir Aleksandrovich ◽  
Kochukova Anna Alexandrovna

The purpose of this study is to select the optimal ointment base for the creation of a soft dosage form, to develop methods for standardizing dermatological ointment based on Aloe arborescens juice and to study antibacterial activity. The choice of the optimal ointment base, ensuring the maximum therapeutic effect of the ointment, was made. Ointments were prepared in accordance with the physical-chemical properties of the components of the basics. The criterion for evaluating the effectiveness of the used ointment bases was the degree of release of the active substances (anthracene derivatives). During the studies, antimicrobial activity was determined in the in vitro experiment. The comparative determination of the antimicrobial activity of ointment bases and juice of Aloe arborescens was performed by direct diffusion into agar. To develop the method of quantitative determination, the absorption spectra of Aloe arborescens juice and ointment extraction with 60% ethyl alcohol were studied. The optical density of the solution on the spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 396nm was measured. The quantitative content of the total active substances in the ointment, calculated on barbaloin was determined by using UV spectrophotometry.


Author(s):  
Владимир Александрович Куркин ◽  
Татьяна Константиновна Рязанова ◽  
Анна Анатольевна Шмыгарева ◽  
Светлана Николаевна Глущенко
Keyword(s):  

Разработана методика определения количественного содержания алоэнина методом микроколоночной обращенно-фазовой ВЭЖХ с УФ-детектированием (306 нм) с применением колонки КАХ-6-80-4 (2 мм × 80 мм; Сепарон-C18 7 мкм), подвижная фаза — ацетонитрил — 1 % раствор уксусной кислоты в воде, 25:75, скорость элюирования — 100 мкл/мин, объем элюента — 2000 мкл. Валидация показала, что методика характеризуется удовлетворительными метрологическими показателями. Предел количественного определения алоэнина составил 115 мкг/мл. Открываемость алоэнина для уровней 80 – 120 % составляла 96,54 – 103,28 %, что подтверждает правильность методики. Методика применена для анализа содержания алоэнина в полученном ex tempore соке и листьев Aloe arborescens Mill. и некоторых препаратов («Алоэ экстракт жидкий, раствор для подкожного введения», «Алоэ сок»). Результаты статистической обработки свидетельствуют о том, что относительная ошибка среднего результата определения алоэнина с доверительной вероятностью 95 % не превышает 5 %.


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