scholarly journals Concentrations of nutritional and trace elements in needles of Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.) as functions of the needle age class

1995 ◽  
Vol 168-169 (1) ◽  
pp. 305-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Wyttenbach ◽  
P. Schleppi ◽  
L. Tobler ◽  
S. Bajo ◽  
J. Bucher



Trees ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 198-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Wyttenbach ◽  
L. Tobler


Trees ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Armin Wyttenbach ◽  
Sixto Bajo ◽  
J�rg Bucher ◽  
Verena Furrer ◽  
Patrick Schleppi ◽  
...  


1996 ◽  
Vol 354 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 668-671 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Wyttenbach ◽  
S. Bajo ◽  
L. Tobler


2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
pp. 981-992
Author(s):  
Michael M. Müller ◽  
Leena Hamberg

AbstractLophodermium piceae is the most common endophyte of Norway spruce (Picea abies) needles, and it probably occurs in the total distribution area of Norway spruce. Its significance to the host tree is still largely unknown mainly because no methodology is known for generating endophyte-free saplings nor for inoculation of intact needles with this fungus. We report here how a daily heat treatment at 40 °C for 8 h eradicates endophytes of Norway spruce needles within a few days without causing visible harm to the plants. We compared various methods for inoculation of endophyte-free saplings. In order to obtain effective inocula, we investigated what factors activate dormant L. piceae infections in the needle tissue resulting in ascomata formation. Best inoculation success was achieved by suspending naturally shed, highly infected needles above the saplings. Infection frequencies of up to 70% of needles were achieved with repeated inoculations in the course of 3 years. Once established in needles, individual infections by L. piceae can persist for at least 5 years. Individual infections remain small in young needles, but at a needle age of 6 years, they start to grow and spread resulting in presence all over the needle from base to tip at a needle age of 7 years, but still without causing visible symptoms on the needles. The presented methodology for generating both endophyte-free and endophyte-infected saplings of Norway spruce provides a new approach for testing the significance of infections by L. piceae to insect herbivory and diseases of Norway spruce needles.



Geoderma ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 159 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 252-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian B. Brun ◽  
Pasi Peltola ◽  
Mats E. Åström ◽  
Maj-Britt Johansson


1996 ◽  
Vol 96 (4) ◽  
pp. 699-705 ◽  
Author(s):  
Astrid Wingler ◽  
Thomas Wallenda ◽  
Rudiger Hampp


1990 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 441-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inger Hakman ◽  
Priska Stahel ◽  
Peter Engstrom ◽  
Tage Eriksson


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