Transient response of forests to CO2-induced climate change: simulation modeling experiments in eastern North America

Oecologia ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 567-579 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allen M. Solomon
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
North America ◽  
Transient Response ◽  
Simulation Modeling ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
Climate Change Simulation

A radiocarbon chronology of Holocene climate change and sea-level rise at the Delmarva Peninsula, US Mid-Atlantic Coast

The Holocene ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 095968362110482
Author(s):  
Kelvin W Ramsey ◽  
Jaime L. Tomlinson ◽  
C. Robin Mattheus
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
North America ◽  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Early Holocene ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
Delmarva Peninsula ◽  
The Holocene ◽  
Cool Climate ◽  
And Sea Level

Radiocarbon dates from 176 sites along the Delmarva Peninsula record the timing of deposition and sea-level rise, and non-marine wetland deposition. The dates provide confirmation of the boundaries of the Holocene subepochs (e.g. “early-middle-late” of Walker et al.) in the mid-Atlantic of eastern North America. These data record initial sea-level rise in the early Holocene, followed by a high rate of rise at the transition to the middle Holocene at 8.2 ka, and a leveling off and decrease in the late-Holocene. The dates, coupled to local and regional climate (pollen) records and fluvial activity, allow regional subdivision of the Holocene into six depositional and climate phases. Phase A (>10 ka) is the end of periglacial activity and transition of cold/cool climate to a warmer early Holocene. Phase B (10.2–8.2 ka) records rise of sea level in the region, a transition to Pinus-dominated forest, and decreased non-marine deposition on the uplands. Phase C (8.2–5.6 ka) shows rapid rates of sea-level rise, expansion of estuaries, and a decrease in non-marine deposition with cool and dry climate. Phase D (5.6–4.2 ka) is a time of high rates of sea-level rise, expanding estuaries, and dry and cool climate; the Atlantic shoreline transgressed rapidly and there was little to no deposition on the uplands. Phase E (4.2–1.1 ka) is a time of lowering sea-level rise rates, Atlantic shorelines nearing their present position, and marine shoal deposition; widespread non-marine deposition resumed with a wetter and warmer climate. Phase F (1.1 ka-present) incorporates the Medieval Climate Anomaly and European settlement on the Delmarva Peninsula. Chronology of depositional phases and coastal changes related to sea-level rise is useful for archeological studies of human occupation in relation to climate change in eastern North America, and provides an important dataset for future regional and global sea-level reconstructions.

Pre-colonial (A.D. 1100–1600) sedimentation related to prehistoric maize agriculture and climate change in eastern North America

Geology ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 363-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.E. Stinchcomb ◽  
T.C. Messner ◽  
S.G. Driese ◽  
L.C. Nordt ◽  
R.M. Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
North America ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
Maize Agriculture

Vegetation and Climate Change in Eastern North America Since the Last Glacial Maximum

Ecology ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 72 (6) ◽  
pp. 2038-2056 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Colin Prentice ◽  
Patrick J. Bartlein ◽  
Thompson Webb
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
North America ◽  
Last Glacial Maximum ◽  
Glacial Maximum ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
Last Glacial ◽  
The Last Glacial Maximum ◽  
Vegetation And Climate ◽  
The Last Glacial

Late quaternary climate change in eastern North America

1998 ◽  
Vol 17 (6-7) ◽  
pp. 587-606 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thompson Webb III ◽  
Katherine H Anderson ◽  
Patrick J Bartlein ◽  
Robert S Webb
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
North America ◽  
Late Quaternary ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
Quaternary Climate

scholarly journals Potential Transient Response of Terrestrial Vegetation and Carbon in Northern North America from Climate Change

Climate ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 113
Author(s):  
Steven A. Flanagan ◽  
George C. Hurtt ◽  
Justin P. Fisk ◽  
Ritvik Sahajpal ◽  
Maosheng Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
North America ◽  
Time Scales ◽  
Transient Response ◽  
Landscape Heterogeneity ◽  
Carbon Sink ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystems ◽  
Ecosystem Model ◽  
Terrestrial Vegetation ◽  
Equilibrium Response

Terrestrial ecosystems and their vegetation are linked to climate. With the potential of accelerated climate change from anthropogenic forcing, there is a need to further evaluate the transient response of ecosystems, their vegetation, and their influence on the carbon balance, to this change. The equilibrium response of ecosystems to climate change has been estimated in previous studies in global domains. However, research on the transient response of terrestrial vegetation to climate change is often limited to domains at the sub-continent scale. Estimation of the transient response of vegetation requires the use of mechanistic models to predict the consequences of competition, dispersal, landscape heterogeneity, disturbance, and other factors, where it becomes computationally prohibitive at scales larger than sub-continental. Here, we used a pseudo-spatial ecosystem model with a vegetation migration sub-model that reduced computational intensity and predicted the transient response of vegetation and carbon to climate change in northern North America. The ecosystem model was first run with a current climatology at half-degree resolution for 1000 years to establish current vegetation and carbon distribution. From that distribution, climate was changed to a future climatology and the ecosystem model run for an additional 2000 simulation years. A model experimental design with different combinations of vegetation dispersal rates, dispersal modes, and disturbance rates produced 18 potential change scenarios. Results indicated that potential redistribution of terrestrial vegetation from climate change was strongly impacted by dispersal rates, moderately affected by disturbance rates, and marginally impacted by dispersal mode. For carbon, the sensitivities were opposite. A potential transient net carbon sink greater than that predicted by the equilibrium response was estimated on time scales of decades–centuries, but diminished over longer time scales. Continued research should further explore the interactions between competition, dispersal, and disturbance, particularly in regards to vegetation redistribution.

Moderate disturbances accelerate forest transition dynamics under climate change in the temperate–boreal ecotone of eastern North America

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (8) ◽  
pp. 4418-4435
Author(s):  
Marie‐Hélène Brice ◽  
Steve Vissault ◽  
Willian Vieira ◽  
Dominique Gravel ◽  
Pierre Legendre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
North America ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
Forest Transition ◽  
Transition Dynamics

Acid rain recovery may help to mitigate the impacts of climate change on thermally sensitive fish in lakes across eastern North America

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 2149-2153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dana R. Warren ◽  
Clifford. E. Kraft ◽  
Daniel C. Josephson ◽  
Charles T. Driscoll
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
North America ◽  
Acid Rain ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change
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