Role of winter temperature and climate change on the survival and future range expansion of the hemlock woolly adelgid (Adelges tsugae) in eastern North America

2007 ◽  
Vol 13 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 541-554 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annie Paradis ◽  
Joe Elkinton ◽  
Katharine Hayhoe ◽  
John Buonaccorsi
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
North America ◽  
Range Expansion ◽  
Hemlock Woolly Adelgid ◽  
Adelges Tsugae ◽  
Winter Temperature ◽  
Eastern North America

scholarly journals Temporal Asynchrony of Adult Emergence Between Leucopis argenticollis and Leucopis piniperda (Diptera: Chamaemyiidae), Predators of the Hemlock Woolly Adelgid (Hemiptera: Adelgidae), with Implications for Biological Control

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 823-828
Author(s):  
Alex N Neidermeier ◽  
Darrell W Ross ◽  
Nathan P Havill ◽  
Kimberly F Wallin
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
North America ◽  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Hemlock Woolly Adelgid ◽  
Adelges Tsugae ◽  
Tsuga Heterophylla ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
Biological Control Agents ◽  
The Pacific

Abstract Two species of silver fly, Leucopis argenticollis (Zetterstedt) and Leucopis piniperda (Malloch) (Diptera: Chamaemyiidae), from the Pacific Northwest region of North America have been identified as potential biological control agents of hemlock woolly adelgid (Hemiptera: Adelgidae: Adelges tsugae Annand) in eastern North America. The two predators are collectively synchronized with A. tsugae development. To determine whether adult emergence of the two species of silver fly are also synchronized with one another, we collected adult Leucopis which emerged from A. tsugae-infested western hemlock [Pinaceae: Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.] from four sites in the Pacific Northwest over a 29-d period. Specimens were collected twice daily in the laboratory and identified to species using DNA barcoding. The study found that more adult Leucopis were collected in the evening than the morning. Additionally, the daily emergences of adults over the 29-d sampling period exhibited sinusoidal-like fluctuations of peak abundance of each species, lending evidence to a pattern of temporal partitioning. This pattern could have logistical implications for their use as biological control agents in eastern North America, namely the need to release both species for maximum efficacy in decreasing A. tsugae populations.

The phylogeographic history of a range disjunction in eastern North America: the role of post‐glacial expansion into newly suitable habitat

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebekah A. Mohn ◽  
Nora H. Oleas ◽  
Adam B. Smith ◽  
Joel F. Swift ◽  
George A. Yatskievych ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
Suitable Habitat ◽  
Phylogeographic History ◽  
History Of ◽  
Glacial Expansion

A radiocarbon chronology of Holocene climate change and sea-level rise at the Delmarva Peninsula, US Mid-Atlantic Coast

The Holocene ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 095968362110482
Author(s):  
Kelvin W Ramsey ◽  
Jaime L. Tomlinson ◽  
C. Robin Mattheus
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
North America ◽  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Early Holocene ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
Delmarva Peninsula ◽  
The Holocene ◽  
Cool Climate ◽  
And Sea Level

Radiocarbon dates from 176 sites along the Delmarva Peninsula record the timing of deposition and sea-level rise, and non-marine wetland deposition. The dates provide confirmation of the boundaries of the Holocene subepochs (e.g. “early-middle-late” of Walker et al.) in the mid-Atlantic of eastern North America. These data record initial sea-level rise in the early Holocene, followed by a high rate of rise at the transition to the middle Holocene at 8.2 ka, and a leveling off and decrease in the late-Holocene. The dates, coupled to local and regional climate (pollen) records and fluvial activity, allow regional subdivision of the Holocene into six depositional and climate phases. Phase A (>10 ka) is the end of periglacial activity and transition of cold/cool climate to a warmer early Holocene. Phase B (10.2–8.2 ka) records rise of sea level in the region, a transition to Pinus-dominated forest, and decreased non-marine deposition on the uplands. Phase C (8.2–5.6 ka) shows rapid rates of sea-level rise, expansion of estuaries, and a decrease in non-marine deposition with cool and dry climate. Phase D (5.6–4.2 ka) is a time of high rates of sea-level rise, expanding estuaries, and dry and cool climate; the Atlantic shoreline transgressed rapidly and there was little to no deposition on the uplands. Phase E (4.2–1.1 ka) is a time of lowering sea-level rise rates, Atlantic shorelines nearing their present position, and marine shoal deposition; widespread non-marine deposition resumed with a wetter and warmer climate. Phase F (1.1 ka-present) incorporates the Medieval Climate Anomaly and European settlement on the Delmarva Peninsula. Chronology of depositional phases and coastal changes related to sea-level rise is useful for archeological studies of human occupation in relation to climate change in eastern North America, and provides an important dataset for future regional and global sea-level reconstructions.

Detection of Adelges tsugae (Hemiptera: Adelgidae) wool using Velcro-covered balls

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Jeffrey G. Fidgen ◽  
Mark C. Whitmore ◽  
Chris J.K. MacQuarrie ◽  
Jean J. Turgeon
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
North America ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Adelges Tsugae ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
Sample Sizes ◽  
Field Sampling ◽  
Individual Tree ◽  
Precision Level ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Adelges tsugae Annand (Hemiptera: Adelgidae), a nonindigenous insect pest of hemlock (Tsuga spp.) (Pinaceae) in eastern North America, spends most of its life cycle within an ovisac, which resembles a woolly white mass on twigs. We evaluated the probability of detecting adelgid wool with Velcro®-covered balls when taking an increasing number of samples per tree (field sampling) and number of trees per simulated stand. We examined the relationship between the detection of adelgid wool using this technique and the incidence of A. tsugae-infested twigs by sampling lower-crown branch tips of the same trees. We found that the probability of detecting wool with ball sampling increased with number of ball samples per tree, with number of trees per simulated stand, and with increasing incidence of ovisacs in the lower crown. When sampling an individual tree, we found that 20 ball samples per tree achieved a targeted precision level of 0.75, but when sampling a stand, we found that 10 ball samples per tree took the least time for the range of simulated A. tsugae infestations we tested. These sample sizes are recommended for detection of A. tsugae infestations on an individual tree and in a hemlock stand.

scholarly journals Role of Large‐Scale Tectonic Forces in Intraplate Earthquakes of Central and Eastern North America

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 2134-2156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Attreyee Ghosh ◽  
William E. Holt ◽  
Alireza Bahadori
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
Intraplate Earthquakes ◽  
Tectonic Forces

Large contribution from anthropogenic warming to an emerging North American megadrought

Science ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 368 (6488) ◽  
pp. 314-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Park Williams ◽  
Edward R. Cook ◽  
Jason E. Smerdon ◽  
Benjamin I. Cook ◽  
John T. Abatzoglou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Soil Moisture ◽  
North America ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Climate Models ◽  
Hydrological Modeling ◽  
Drought Severity ◽  
Large Contribution ◽  
Moderate Drought

Severe and persistent 21st-century drought in southwestern North America (SWNA) motivates comparisons to medieval megadroughts and questions about the role of anthropogenic climate change. We use hydrological modeling and new 1200-year tree-ring reconstructions of summer soil moisture to demonstrate that the 2000–2018 SWNA drought was the second driest 19-year period since 800 CE, exceeded only by a late-1500s megadrought. The megadrought-like trajectory of 2000–2018 soil moisture was driven by natural variability superimposed on drying due to anthropogenic warming. Anthropogenic trends in temperature, relative humidity, and precipitation estimated from 31 climate models account for 46% (model interquartiles of 34 to 103%) of the 2000–2018 drought severity, pushing an otherwise moderate drought onto a trajectory comparable to the worst SWNA megadroughts since 800 CE.

Pre-colonial (A.D. 1100–1600) sedimentation related to prehistoric maize agriculture and climate change in eastern North America

Geology ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 363-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.E. Stinchcomb ◽  
T.C. Messner ◽  
S.G. Driese ◽  
L.C. Nordt ◽  
R.M. Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
North America ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
Maize Agriculture

Late Quaternary Bison diminution on the Great Plains of North America: evaluating the role of human hunting versus climate change

2008 ◽  
Vol 27 (17-18) ◽  
pp. 1752-1771 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew E. Hill ◽  
Matthew G. Hill ◽  
Christopher C. Widga
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
North America ◽  
Great Plains ◽  
Late Quaternary
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