Comparison of point mutation rates in different species with human mutation rates

1972 ◽  
Vol 16 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 43-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Propping
Keyword(s):  
Point Mutation ◽  
Mutation Rates ◽  
Human Mutation

Human mutation rates

Genome ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 1104-1104 ◽  
Author(s):  
James V. Neel
Keyword(s):  
Mutation Rates ◽  
Human Mutation

scholarly journals Rapid evolution of the human mutation spectrum

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelley Harris ◽  
Jonathan K. Pritchard
Keyword(s):  
Mutation Rate ◽  
Genetic Modifier ◽  
Rapid Evolution ◽  
Biological Information ◽  
Mutation Rates ◽  
Specific Sequence ◽  
Mutational Spectra ◽  
Damage Repair ◽  
Human Mutation ◽  
System Selection

AbstractDNA is a remarkably precise medium for copying and storing biological information. This high fidelity results from the action of hundreds of genes involved in replication, proofreading, and damage repair. Evolutionary theory suggests that in such a system, selection has limited ability to remove genetic variants that change mutation rates by small amounts or in specific sequence contexts. Consistent with this, using SNV variation as a proxy for mutational input, we report here that mutational spectra differ substantially among species, human continental groups and even some closely-related populations. Close examination of one signal, an increased TCC→TTC mutation rate in Europeans, indicates a burst of mutations from about 15,000 to 2,000 years ago, perhaps due to the appearance, drift, and ultimate elimination of a genetic modifier of mutation rate. Our results suggest that mutation rates can evolve markedly over short evolutionary timescales and suggest the possibility of mapping mutational modifiers.

scholarly journals Escherichia coli with a Tunable Point Mutation Rate for Evolution Experiments

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 2671-2681 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas A. Sherer ◽  
Thomas E. Kuhlman
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Point Mutation ◽  
Mutation Rate ◽  
Fitness Landscape ◽  
Genetically Engineered ◽  
Mutation Rates ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Beneficial Mutations ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Evolution Experiment

The mutation rate and mutations’ effects on fitness are crucial to evolution. Mutation rates are under selection due to linkage between mutation rate modifiers and mutations’ effects on fitness. The linkage between a higher mutation rate and more beneficial mutations selects for higher mutation rates, while the linkage between a higher mutation rate and more deleterious mutations selects for lower mutation rates. The net direction of selection on mutations rates depends on the fitness landscape, and a great deal of work has elucidated the fitness landscapes of mutations. However, tests of the effect of varying a mutation rate on evolution in a single organism in a single environment have been difficult. This has been studied using strains of antimutators and mutators, but these strains may differ in additional ways and typically do not allow for continuous variation of the mutation rate. To help investigate the effects of the mutation rate on evolution, we have genetically engineered a strain of Escherichia coli with a point mutation rate that can be smoothly varied over two orders of magnitude. We did this by engineering a strain with inducible control of the mismatch repair proteins MutH and MutL. We used this strain in an approximately 350 generation evolution experiment with controlled variation of the mutation rate. We confirmed the construct and the mutation rate were stable over this time. Sequencing evolved strains revealed a higher number of single nucleotide polymorphisms at higher mutations rates, likely due to either the beneficial effects of these mutations or their linkage to beneficial mutations.

Potential DNA methods for measuring the human heritable mutation rate

Genome ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 860-863 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mortimer L. Mendelsohn
Keyword(s):  
Mutation Rate ◽  
Human Sperm ◽  
Mutation Rates ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Dna Technology ◽  
Heritable Mutation ◽  
Human Mutation ◽  
Potential Methods

Potential methods are reviewed for estimating human heritable mutation rates by comparing the DNA of parents and offspring. In the 4 years since the Alta Workshop on this subject, information has accumulated on several of the six methods detailed in that meeting. Some of the methods now appear to be infeasible, and all continue to be too inefficient for practical implementation. Newer DNA approaches are discussed, including several that could become practical enough for implementation. Finally, DNA-oriented methods using human sperm are considered as possible alternatives to the heritable approaches.Key words: human heritable mutation, human mutation rate, DNA method – DNA technology, radiation.

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