Male mating speed inDrosophila melanogaster: Differences in genetic architecture and in relative performance according to female genotype

1993 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 349-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pelayo Casares ◽  
Maria C. Carracedo ◽  
Eduardo San Miguel ◽  
Rafael Pi�eiro ◽  
Lucia Garcia-Florez
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Architecture ◽  
Relative Performance ◽  
Male Mating ◽  
Mating Speed ◽  
Female Genotype

Male mating speed as a component of fitness inDrosophila

1974 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 395-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. A. Parsons
Keyword(s):  
Male Mating ◽  
Mating Speed

scholarly journals Does segregating variation in sexual or microhabitat preferences lead to non-random mating within a population of Drosophila melanogaster ?

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 102-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brad R. Foley ◽  
Anne Genissel ◽  
Harmon L. Kristy ◽  
Sergey V. Nuzhdin
Keyword(s):  
Recombinant Inbred Lines ◽  
Random Mating ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Male Mating ◽  
Complex Environment ◽  
Level Variation ◽  
Group Preference ◽  
Female Genotype ◽  
Microhabitat Preferences

Variation in female choice for mates has implications for the maintenance of genetic variation and the evolution of male traits. Yet, estimates of population-level variation in male mating success owing to female genotype are rare. Here, we used a panel of recombinant inbred lines to estimate the strength of selection at many genetic loci in a single generation and attempt to assess differences between females with respect to the males they mated with. We performed selection assays in a complex environment to allow differences in habitat or social group preference to be expressed. We detected directional selection at loci across the genome, but are unable to provide support for differential male success because of variation in female genotype.

scholarly journals No support for the sexy-sperm hypothesis in the seed beetle: sons of monandrous females fare better in post-copulatory competition

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristin A. Hook
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Competition ◽  
Genetic Architecture ◽  
Callosobruchus Maculatus ◽  
Empirical Work ◽  
Male Mating ◽  
Genetic Constraints ◽  
Seed Beetle ◽  
Indirect Fitness ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Sexy Sperm

ABSTRACTThe sexy-sperm hypothesis posits that polyandrous females derive an indirect fitness benefit from multi-male mating because they increase the probability their eggs are fertilized by males whose sperm have high fertilizing efficiency, which is assumed to be heritable and conferred on their sons. However, whether this process occurs is contentious because father-to-son heritability may be constrained by the genetic architecture underlying traits important in sperm competition within certain species. Previous empirical work has revealed such genetic constraints in the seed beetle,Callosobruchus maculatus, a model system in sperm competition studies in which female multi-male mating is ubiquitous. Using the seed beetle, I tested a critical prediction of the sexy-sperm hypothesis that polyandrous females produce sons that are on average more successful under sperm competition than sons from monandrous females. Contrary to the prediction of the sexy-sperm hypothesis, I found that sons from monandrous females had significantly higher relative paternity in competitive double matings. Moreover, post-hoc analyses revealed that these sons produced significantly larger ejaculates when second to mate, despite being smaller. This study is the first to provide empirical evidence for post-copulatory processes favoring monandrous sons and discusses potential explanations for the unexpected bias in paternity.

scholarly journals Insecticide resistance genes induce a mating competition cost in Culex pipiens mosquitoes

2002 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
CLAIRE BERTICAT ◽  
GRÉGOIRE BOQUIEN ◽  
MICHEL RAYMOND ◽  
CHRISTINE CHEVILLON
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Culex Pipiens ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Fitness Cost ◽  
Male Mating ◽  
Organophosphorus Insecticides ◽  
Female Genotype ◽  
Cost Of Resistance ◽  
Paternity Success ◽  
Convenient Model

Resistance to organophosphorus insecticides (OP) in Culex pipiens mosquitoes represents a convenient model for investigating the fitness cost of resistance genes and its origin, since both the environmental changes in nature and the adaptive genes are clearly identified. Two loci are involved in this resistance – the super-locus Ester and the locus Ace.1 – each displaying several resistance alleles. Population surveys have shown differences in fitness cost between these resistance genes and even between resistance alleles of the same locus. In order to better understand this fitness cost and its variability, the effects of these resistance genes on several fitness-related traits are being studied. Here, through competition experiments between two males for the access to one female, we analysed the effect on paternity success associated with three resistance alleles – Ester4, Ester1 and Ace.1R – relative to susceptible males and relative to one another. The eventual effect of female genotype on male mating success was also studied by using susceptible and resistant females. The strains used in this experiment had the same genetic background. Susceptible males had a mating advantage when competing with any of the resistant males, suggesting a substantial cost of resistance genes to this trait. When competing against susceptible males, the paternity success did not vary among resistant males, whatever the genotype of the female. When competing against other resistant males, no difference in paternity success was apparent, except when the female was Ester1.

Male mating speed promote hybridization in the Rana lessonae–Rana esculenta waterfrog system

2006 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Lengagne ◽  
O. Grolet ◽  
P. Joly
Keyword(s):  
Rana Esculenta ◽  
Male Mating ◽  
Mating Speed ◽  
Rana Lessonae

scholarly journals THE INFLUENCE OF SEXUAL AND LARVAL SELECTION ON THE MAINTENANCE OF POLYMORPHISM AT THE SEPIA LOCUS IN DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER

Genetics ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 95 (3) ◽  
pp. 743-755
Author(s):  
D Anxolabehere
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Sexual Selection ◽  
Wild Strain ◽  
Selection Model ◽  
Male Mating ◽  
Population Cage ◽  
Female Genotype ◽  
Frequency Changes ◽  
Experimental Values ◽  
Larval Selection

ABSTRACT Sexual selection is measured between two strains of Drosophila melanogaster: a wild strain and a strain mutant at the sepia locus. Frequencydependent male mating was found to be successful, whereas the female genotype exerted no influence. The rarer the male genotype becomes, the greater is its mating success. A selection model is built for this behavior characteristic in which selection operates differently in the two sexes. The genetic consequencies of this model upon the maintenance of genetic polymorphism at the sepia locus are compared to experimental data from previous population cage studies. The fit obtained with this sexual selection model is compared to that of the larval selection model previously investigated. A model composed of both sexual and larval components of fitness is presented. The role that each major selection component is expected to play in experimental populations as the gene frequency changes is discussed. Sexual selection leads to an equilibrium level higher than larval selection, and the combined model is very close to the experimental values.

Biofiltration Equivalency: Assessing the Relative Performance of Innovative and Conventional Designs

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron L. Poresky ◽  
Vaikko P. Allen II ◽  
Shannon K. Reynolds
Keyword(s):  
Relative Performance

The Effects of the sphragis on male and female genitalia in Acraea (Nymphalidae) butterflies

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shannon L Summers ◽  
Akito Y Kawahara ◽  
Ana P. S. Carvalho
Keyword(s):  
Interspecific Variation ◽  
Sperm Storage ◽  
Male Mating ◽  
Museum Collections ◽  
Storage Organ ◽  
Mating Plug ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Comparison And Analysis ◽  
Imagej Software ◽  
Sexually Antagonistic Coevolution

Male mating plugs have been used in many species to prevent female re-mating and sperm competition. One of the most extreme examples of a mating plug is the sphragis, which is a large, complex and externalized plug found only in butterflies. This structure is found in many species in the genus Acraea (Nymphalidae) and provides an opportunity for investigation of the effects of the sphragis on the morphology of the genitalia, which is poorly understood. This study aims to understand morphological interspecific variation in the genitalia of Acraea butterflies. Using specimens from museum collections, abdomen dissections were conducted on 19 species of Acraea: 9 sphragis bearing and 10 non-sphragis bearing species. Genitalia imaging was performed for easier comparison and analysis and measurements of genitalia structures was done using ImageJ software. Some distinguishing morphological features in the females were found. The most obvious difference is the larger and more externalized copulatory opening in sphragis bearing species, with varying degrees of external projections. Females of the sphragis bearing species also tend to have a shorter ductus (the structure that connects the copulatory opening with the sperm storage organ) than those without the sphragis. These differences may be due to a sexually antagonistic coevolution between the males and females, where the females evolve larger and more difficult to plug copulatory openings and the males attempt to prevent re-mating with the sphragis.

Genetic architecture of greek patients with isolated GnRH deficiency

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Stamou ◽  
Petros Varnavas ◽  
Lacey Plummer ◽  
Vassiliki Koika ◽  
Neoklis Georgopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Architecture
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