Theory of spin triplet ground states ind 6 transition metal compounds and the effect of high-energy states on the nature of the ground state

1973 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. K�nig ◽  
R. Schnakig
Keyword(s):  
Transition Metal ◽  
Ground State ◽  
Ground States ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Transition Metal Compounds ◽  
Metal Compounds ◽  
Spin Triplet ◽  
Energy States

scholarly journals Recent Developments of Transition Metal Compounds-Carbon Hybrid Electrodes for High Energy/Power Supercapacitors

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kang Ren ◽  
Zheng Liu ◽  
Tong Wei ◽  
Zhuangjun Fan
Keyword(s):  
Transition Metal ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Transition Metal Compounds ◽  
Discharge Process ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
Metal Compounds ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Power Densities

AbstractDue to their rapid power delivery, fast charging, and long cycle life, supercapacitors have become an important energy storage technology recently. However, to meet the continuously increasing demands in the fields of portable electronics, transportation, and future robotic technologies, supercapacitors with higher energy densities without sacrificing high power densities and cycle stabilities are still challenged. Transition metal compounds (TMCs) possessing high theoretical capacitance are always used as electrode materials to improve the energy densities of supercapacitors. However, the power densities and cycle lives of such TMCs-based electrodes are still inferior due to their low intrinsic conductivity and large volume expansion during the charge/discharge process, which greatly impede their large-scale applications. Most recently, the ideal integrating of TMCs and conductive carbon skeletons is considered as an effective solution to solve the above challenges. Herein, we summarize the recent developments of TMCs/carbon hybrid electrodes which exhibit both high energy/power densities from the aspects of structural design strategies, including conductive carbon skeleton, interface engineering, and electronic structure. Furthermore, the remaining challenges and future perspectives are also highlighted so as to provide strategies for the high energy/power TMCs/carbon-based supercapacitors.

scholarly journals Shining Light on Anion-Mixed Nanocatalysts for Efficient Water Electrolysis: Fundamentals, Progress, and Perspectives

2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaoda Liu ◽  
Paranthaman Vijayakumar ◽  
Qianyi Liu ◽  
Thangavel Sakthivel ◽  
Fuyi Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transition Metal ◽  
Water Splitting ◽  
Water Electrolysis ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Transition Metal Compounds ◽  
Water Dissociation ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
Metal Compounds ◽  
Mixed Water ◽  
Mixed Transition

Highlights This review introduces recent advances of various anion-mixed transition metal compounds (e.g., nitrides, halides, phosphides, chalcogenides, (oxy)hydroxides, and borides) for efficient water electrolysis applications in detail. The challenges and future perspectives are proposed and analyzed for the anion-mixed water dissociation catalysts, including polyanion-mixed and metal-free catalyst, progressive synthesis strategies, advanced in situ characterizations, and atomic level structure–activity relationship. Abstract Hydrogen with high energy density and zero carbon emission is widely acknowledged as the most promising candidate toward world's carbon neutrality and future sustainable eco-society. Water-splitting is a constructive technology for unpolluted and high-purity H2 production, and a series of non-precious electrocatalysts have been developed over the past decade. To further improve the catalytic activities, metal doping is always adopted to modulate the 3d-electronic configuration and electron-donating/accepting (e-DA) properties, while for anion doping, the electronegativity variations among different non-metal elements would also bring some potential in the modulations of e-DA and metal valence for tuning the performances. In this review, we summarize the recent developments of the many different anion-mixed transition metal compounds (e.g., nitrides, halides, phosphides, chalcogenides, oxyhydroxides, and borides/borates) for efficient water electrolysis applications. First, we have introduced the general information of water-splitting and the description of anion-mixed electrocatalysts and highlighted their complementary functions of mixed anions. Furthermore, some latest advances of anion-mixed compounds are also categorized for hydrogen and oxygen evolution electrocatalysis. The rationales behind their enhanced electrochemical performances are discussed. Last but not least, the challenges and future perspectives are briefly proposed for the anion-mixed water dissociation catalysts.

Divalent admixtures to the trivalent ground-state configurations of Pr and Nd in transition-metal compounds

2002 ◽  
Vol 66 (16) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu. Kucherenko ◽  
M. Finken ◽  
S. L. Molodtsov ◽  
M. Heber ◽  
J. Boysen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transition Metal ◽  
Ground State ◽  
Transition Metal Compounds ◽  
Metal Compounds
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