Conference structures and fair allocation rules

AbstractWe develop a normative approach to the measurement of inequality of opportunity. That is, we measure inequality of opportunity by the welfare gain obtained in moving from the actual income distribution to the optimal income distribution of the total available income. Our study brings together the main approaches in the literature: we axiomatically characterize social welfare functions, we obtain prominent allocation rules as their optima, and we derive familiar classes of inequality of opportunity measures. Our analysis captures moreover the key philosophical distinctions in the literature: ex post versus ex ante compensation, and liberal versus utilitarian reward.

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Fair Allocation of Heterogeneous and InterchangeableResources

ACM SIGMETRICS Performance Evaluation Review ◽

10.1145/3305218.3305227 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 46 (2) ◽

pp. 21-23

Author(s):

Xiao Sun ◽

Tan N. Le ◽

Mosharaf Chowdhury ◽

Zhenhua Liu

Keyword(s):

Fair Allocation

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What is common and what is different: recommendations from European scientific societies for triage in the first outbreak of COVID-19

Journal of Medical Ethics ◽

10.1136/medethics-2020-106969 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. medethics-2020-106969

Author(s):

Joana Teles Sarmento ◽

Cristina Lírio Pedrosa ◽

Ana Sofia Carvalho

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Healthcare Professionals ◽

Public Health Emergency ◽

Fair Allocation ◽

Ethical Values ◽

Scientific Societies ◽

Decision Tools ◽

Life Saving

A public health emergency, as the COVID-19 pandemic, may lead to shortages of potentially life-saving treatments. In this situation, it is necessary, justifiable and proportionate to have decision tools in place to enable healthcare professionals to triage and prioritise access to those resources. An ethically sound framework should consider the principles of beneficence and fair allocation. Scientific Societies across Europe were concerned with this problem early in the pandemic and published guidelines to support their professionals and institutions. This article aims to compare triage policies from medical bodies across Europe, to characterise the process of triage and the ethical values, principles and theories that were proposed in different countries during the first outbreak of COVID-19.

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