Dietary fat saturation and cholesterol and fatty acid synthesis in aging rats

AGE ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 93-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacqueline Dupont ◽  
Audrey A. Spindler ◽  
Melvin M. Mathias
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthesis ◽  
Dietary Fat ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Fat Saturation ◽  
Aging Rats

The 1990 Borden Award Lecture Dietary regulation of fatty acid and triglyceride metabolism

1991 ◽  
Vol 69 (11) ◽  
pp. 1637-1647 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gene R. Herzberg
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Lipoprotein Lipase ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthesis ◽  
Dietary Fat ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Fish Oils ◽  
Dietary Fish

The level of circulating triacylglycerols is determined by the balance between their delivery into the plasma and their removal from it. Plasma triacylglycerols are derived either from dietary fat as chylomicrons or from endogenous hepatic synthesis as very low density lipoproteins. Their removal occurs through the action of lipoprotein lipase after which the fatty acids are either stored in adipose tissue or oxidized, primarily in skeletal muscle and heart. The composition of the diet has been shown to influence many of these processes. Hepatic fatty acid synthesis and triacylglycerol secretion are affected by the quantity and composition of dietary fat, carbohydrate, and protein. Polyunsaturated but not saturated fats reduce hepatic fatty acid synthesis by decreasing the amount of the lipogenic enzymes needed for de novo fatty acid synthesis. Dietary fish oils are particularly effective at reducing both fatty acid synthesis and triacylglycerol secretion and as a result are hypotriacylglycerolemic, particularly in hypertriacylglycerolemic individuals. In addition, dietary fish oils can increase the oxidation of fatty acids and lead to increased activity of lipoprotein lipase in skeletal muscle and heart. It appears that the hypotriacylglycerolemic effect of dietary fish oils is mediated by effects on both synthesis and removal of circulating triacylglycerols.Key words: lipid, fish oil, fructose, liver, adipose tissue, oxidation.

scholarly journals The effect of dietary fat on lipogenesis in mammary gland and liver from lactating and virgin mice

1969 ◽  
Vol 115 (4) ◽  
pp. 807-815 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stuart Smith ◽  
Harriet T. Gagné ◽  
Dorothy R. Pitelka ◽  
S. Abraham
Keyword(s):  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthesis ◽  
Dietary Fat ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
High Fat ◽  
C3h Mice ◽  
Parenchymal Cells

1. Virgin and lactating C3H mice maintained on laboratory chow were transferred to a high-fat (15% corn oil) or a fat-free diet 3 days before being killed. 2. The linoleate content of liver, mammary gland and milk was decreased in lactating mice given the fat-free diet but was increased in those fed on the high-fat diet. Changes in linoleate content and mammary gland followed a similar but much less marked trend in virgin animals. 3. Hepatic fatty acid synthesis in lactating and virgin mice fed on the fat-free diet was higher than in corresponding animals fed on either the chow or the high-fat diet. The lipogenic capacity of livers from mice fed on either the chow or the high-fat diet was greater in lactating than in virgin animals. These changes in hepatic lipogenic capacity were accompanied by alterations in the specific activities of certain enzymes involved in fat synthesis. 4. Mammary gland from virgin and lactating animals showed no such adaptation to dietary fat. Results indicate that fatty acid synthesis in neither mammary-gland parenchymal cells nor mammary-gland adipose cells can be influenced by dietary fat in the same way as in the hepatocyte.

scholarly journals Studies on lipogenesis in vivo: Comparison of cholesterol and fatty acid synthesis in rats and mice

1967 ◽  
Vol 102 (3) ◽  
pp. 864-869 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. R. Jansen ◽  
M.E. Zanetti ◽  
C. F. Hutchison
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthesis ◽  
Dietary Fat ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Glucose Disposal ◽  
Stomach Tube ◽  
Important Pathway ◽  
Rats And Mice

1. The importance of fatty acid synthesis as a pathway for the disposal of ingested glucose has been evaluated in rats and mice given a purified diet high in glucose and low in fat. [U-(14)C]Glucose was either added to the diet and fed for 24hr. or given by stomach tube as a 250mg. (mice) or 1000mg. (rats) meal. The two methods of isotope administration gave similar results. 2. Under the conditions employed fatty acid synthesis appeared to be a more important pathway for glucose disposal in mice than in rats. In mice 15.3% of ingested [U-(14)C]glucose was converted into fatty acid and in rats the corresponding value was 8.6%. In contrast, the conversion of [U-(14)C]glucose into cholesterol, as a percentage of dose, was twice as high in rats as in mice. 3. The effect of 20% of corn oil in the diet on the conversion of dietary [U-(14)C]glucose into fat was also investigated. Mice given diets containing 1% or 20% of corn oil converted 14.6% or 7.0% respectively of dietary [U-(14)C]glucose into fatty acid over a 24hr. period. There was no effect of fat on the incorporation of the isotope into cholesterol. 4. In mice given diets containing 1% or 20% of corn oil approx. 10% and 2% respectively of newly synthesized fatty acids were found in the liver. Hepatic fatty acid synthesis appears to be more sensitive to dietary fat than is extrahepatic synthesis.

Resistance of Lung Fatty Acid Synthesis to Inhibition by Dietary Fat in the Meal-Fed Rat

1984 ◽  
Vol 114 (3) ◽  
pp. 598-605 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven D. Clarke ◽  
Mark D. Wilson ◽  
Toufig Ibnoughazala
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthesis ◽  
Dietary Fat ◽  
Acid Synthesis

The effects of dietary fat on fatty acid synthesis and malic enzyme activity in liver from growing chicks

1969 ◽  
Vol 47 (7) ◽  
pp. 743-746 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan G. Goodridge
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthesis ◽  
Dietary Fat ◽  
Malic Enzyme ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Hepatic Lipogenesis ◽  
Malic Enzyme Activity

Hepatic malic enzyme activity and incorporation of glucose-U-14C into fatty acids in liver slices was no greater in birds fed fat-free diets than in those fed the same diets supplemented with corn oil. The results suggest that in the chick, in contrast to the rat, dietary fat does not suppress hepatic lipogenesis.

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