A Numerical Approach to Depth Determination from Residual Gravity Anomaly Due to Two Structures

1999 ◽  
Vol 154 (2) ◽  
pp. 329-341
Author(s):  
E. M. Abdelrahman ◽  
E. R. Abo-Ezz ◽  
A. H. A. Radwan
Keyword(s):  
Gravity Anomaly ◽  
Numerical Approach ◽  
Residual Gravity ◽  
Depth Determination ◽  
Residual Gravity Anomaly

On: “A least‐squares approach to depth determination from gravity data” by O.P. Gupta (GEOPHYSICS, 48, 357–360, March 1983)

Geophysics ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 376-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
El‐Sayed M. Abdelrahman
Keyword(s):  
Nonlinear Equation ◽  
Least Squares ◽  
Gravity Anomaly ◽  
Gravity Data ◽  
Residual Gravity ◽  
Depth Determination ◽  
Residual Gravity Anomaly ◽  
Least Squares Approach

In the article by Gupta, the problem of depth determination of a buried structure from the residual gravity anomaly has been transformed into a problem of finding the solution of a nonlinear equation of the form f(z) = 0. Gupta begins his formulation of the problem with equation (1) from Mettleton (1942) Eq. (1) [Formula: see text]

Depth determination from residual gravity anomaly data using a simple formula

2003 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 801-804 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Salem ◽  
Eslam Elawadi ◽  
Keisuke Ushijima
Keyword(s):  
Gravity Anomaly ◽  
Simple Formula ◽  
Residual Gravity ◽  
Depth Determination ◽  
Residual Gravity Anomaly

High-resolution gravity study of the Gray Fossil Site

Geophysics ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. B25-B32 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Whitelaw ◽  
K. Mickus ◽  
M. J. Whitelaw ◽  
J. Nave
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Gravity Anomaly ◽  
Drill Hole ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Gravity Measurement ◽  
Gray Fossil Site ◽  
Residual Gravity ◽  
Residual Gravity Anomaly ◽  
Fossil Site ◽  
Anomaly Map

The Gray Fossil Site, Washington County, Tennessee, has produced a remarkable Mio-Pliocene fauna and flora with no known correlative in the Appalachian region. After its discovery in 2000, a series of auger holes were drilled by the Tennessee Department of Transportation (TDOT) to determine the areal extent of the site. Drilling indicated that the fossils occurred in fill material within a paleokarst basin, but the distribution of boreholes does not permit details of sinkhole topography, and therefore its formation and fill history, to be adequately resolved. To better image the sinkhole basin, a high-resolution gravity survey, which included 1104 gravity measurement stations, was conducted. These data were used to create complete Bouguer and residual gravity anomaly maps and a 3D density model via inversionmethods. The residual gravity anomaly map compares favorably with 29 TDOT auger holes drilled to basement, but contains significantly more detail. The residual gravity anomaly map reveals the presence of seven separate sinkholes. However, 3D inverse modeling constrained by drill-hole depths and density data indicates that there are 11 separate sinkholes formed within the Knox Group carbonates. These sinkholes, which range between 20 and [Formula: see text] in depth, are aligned along northwest and northeast trending linear features that correlate to structural features formed during the Appalachian orogenies. It is possible that the overall sinkhole basin formed as the result of partial coalescence of multiple sinkhole structures controlled by a joint system and that the sinkholes then acted as a natural trap for the Gray Fossil Site fauna and flora.

Regional‐residual gravity anomaly separation using the minimum‐curvature technique

Geophysics ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 279-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. L. Mickus ◽  
C. L. V. Aiken ◽  
W. D. Kennedy
Keyword(s):  
Gravity Anomaly ◽  
Gravity Anomalies ◽  
Bouguer Gravity ◽  
Bouguer Gravity Anomaly ◽  
Residual Gravity ◽  
Residual Gravity Anomaly ◽  
Gravity Interpretation ◽  
Minimum Curvature

One of the most difficult problems in gravity interpretation is the separation of regional and residual gravity anomalies from the Bouguer gravity anomaly. This study discusses the application of the minimum‐curvature method to determine the regional and residual gravity anomalies.

scholarly journals A gravity analysis of the Alpine Fault and the DFDP-2 drill site, Whataroa valley, South Westland, South Island, New Zealand

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Stephen Jenkins
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Gravity Anomaly ◽  
High Precision ◽  
River Valley ◽  
Gravity Models ◽  
Sediment Thickness ◽  
Residual Gravity ◽  
Alpine Fault ◽  
Drill Site ◽  
Residual Gravity Anomaly

<p>The second phase of drilling into the Alpine Fault (DFDP-2), was completed in the Whataroa River valley, a former glacial valley located in central Westland, South Island, New Zealand. The site is located next to a steep hillside on the hanging-wall, ~1 km southeast of the mapped surface trace of the Alpine Fault. Projection of the hillside suggests a sediment thickness of 100 ± 40 m at the drill site; however, the sediment thickness was approximately double pre-drill estimates. Additionally, the surface expression and shallow geometry of the Alpine Fault in the Whataroa River valley, is not well-defined due to post-glacial burial of the fault zone. This thesis describes a gravity study designed to better constrain sub-surface structure beneath the DFDP-2 drill site and across the Alpine Fault.  During this study, 466 new high-precision gravity observations were collected (standard error = 0.015 mGal) and amalgamated with 134 existing gravity stations, yielding comprehensive coverage of gravity data across the study area. A high density of observations was achieved within pre-determined zones, in addition to regional measurements so that residual gravity anomaly maps could be produced. The maps reveal: a negative residual gravity anomaly interpreted as a dextrally-offset glacial channel at least 350-450 m deep; steep localised gravity gradients near the Alpine Fault and DFDP-2 drill site that are interpreted as faulted and/or eroded boundaries; and a negative gravity anomaly adjacent to the DFDP-2 drill site that is interpreted as the deepest point of an over-deepened glacial lake.  Gravity models were used to estimate the bedrock-sediment interface geometry near the DFDP-2 drill site and Alpine Fault. Structural inversion of the density boundary next to the drill site suggests either a moderately-dipping reverse fault or sub-vertical erosional wall exists beneath the hillside. Additional constraints on physical properties from direct density measurements or seismic velocity determinations and direct constraints on sediment thickness and layer geometry from seismic surveys will in future allow this new high-precision gravity dataset to be modelled more effectively.</p>

scholarly journals A gravity analysis of the Alpine Fault and the DFDP-2 drill site, Whataroa valley, South Westland, South Island, New Zealand

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Stephen Jenkins
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Gravity Anomaly ◽  
High Precision ◽  
River Valley ◽  
Gravity Models ◽  
Sediment Thickness ◽  
Residual Gravity ◽  
Alpine Fault ◽  
Drill Site ◽  
Residual Gravity Anomaly

<p>The second phase of drilling into the Alpine Fault (DFDP-2), was completed in the Whataroa River valley, a former glacial valley located in central Westland, South Island, New Zealand. The site is located next to a steep hillside on the hanging-wall, ~1 km southeast of the mapped surface trace of the Alpine Fault. Projection of the hillside suggests a sediment thickness of 100 ± 40 m at the drill site; however, the sediment thickness was approximately double pre-drill estimates. Additionally, the surface expression and shallow geometry of the Alpine Fault in the Whataroa River valley, is not well-defined due to post-glacial burial of the fault zone. This thesis describes a gravity study designed to better constrain sub-surface structure beneath the DFDP-2 drill site and across the Alpine Fault.  During this study, 466 new high-precision gravity observations were collected (standard error = 0.015 mGal) and amalgamated with 134 existing gravity stations, yielding comprehensive coverage of gravity data across the study area. A high density of observations was achieved within pre-determined zones, in addition to regional measurements so that residual gravity anomaly maps could be produced. The maps reveal: a negative residual gravity anomaly interpreted as a dextrally-offset glacial channel at least 350-450 m deep; steep localised gravity gradients near the Alpine Fault and DFDP-2 drill site that are interpreted as faulted and/or eroded boundaries; and a negative gravity anomaly adjacent to the DFDP-2 drill site that is interpreted as the deepest point of an over-deepened glacial lake.  Gravity models were used to estimate the bedrock-sediment interface geometry near the DFDP-2 drill site and Alpine Fault. Structural inversion of the density boundary next to the drill site suggests either a moderately-dipping reverse fault or sub-vertical erosional wall exists beneath the hillside. Additional constraints on physical properties from direct density measurements or seismic velocity determinations and direct constraints on sediment thickness and layer geometry from seismic surveys will in future allow this new high-precision gravity dataset to be modelled more effectively.</p>

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