Does time until mating affect progeny sex ratio? A manipulative experiment with the parasitoid wasp

1998 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 611 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. Fauvergue ◽  
K. R. Hopper ◽  
M. F. Antolin ◽  
D. J. Kazmer
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Parasitoid Wasp ◽  
Manipulative Experiment

Maternally Inherited Sex Ratio in the Parasitoid Wasp Nasonia vitripennis

Science ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 215 (4536) ◽  
pp. 1133-1134 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. W. SKINNER
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Parasitoid Wasp ◽  
Nasonia Vitripennis

Test of the adaptiveness of sex ratio manipulation in a parasitoid wasp

1994 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 437-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bethia H. King ◽  
H. E. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Parasitoid Wasp

scholarly journals Penetrance of symbiont-mediated parthenogenesis is driven by reproductive rate in a parasitoid wasp

PeerJ ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. e3505 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amelia R.I. Lindsey ◽  
Richard Stouthamer
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Reproductive Output ◽  
Parasitoid Wasp ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Mass Rearing ◽  
Reproductive Rate ◽  
Symbiotic Relationship ◽  
Offspring Production ◽  
Total Fecundity

Trichogramma wasps are tiny parasitoids of lepidopteran eggs, used extensively for biological control. They are often infected with the bacterial symbiont Wolbachia, which converts Trichogramma to an asexual mode of reproduction, whereby females develop from unfertilized eggs. However, this Wolbachia-induced parthenogenesis is not always complete, and previous studies have noted that infected females will produce occasional males in the lab. The conditions that reduce penetrance of the parthenogenesis phenotype are not well understood. We hypothesized that more ecologically relevant conditions of limited host access will sustain female-biased sex ratios. After restricting access to host eggs, we found a strong relationship between reproductive rate and sex ratio. By limiting reproduction to one hour a day, wasps could sustain up to 100% effective parthenogenesis for one week, with no significant impact on total fecundity. Reproductive output in the first 24-hours appears to be critical to the total sex ratio of the entire brood. Limiting oviposition in that period resulted in more effective parthenogenesis after one week, again without any significant impact on total fecundity. Our data suggest that this phenomenon may be due to the depletion of Wolbachia when oviposition occurs continuously, whereas Wolbachia titers may recover when offspring production is limited. In addition to the potential to improve mass rearing of Trichogramma for biological control, findings from this study help elucidate the context-dependent nature of a pervasive symbiotic relationship.

scholarly journals Absence of complementary sex determination in Trichogramma dendrolimi Matsumura (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quan-quan Liu ◽  
Jin-cheng Zhou ◽  
Chen Zhang ◽  
Qian-jin Dong ◽  
Su-fang Ning ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Sex Determination ◽  
Brood Size ◽  
Indirect Evidence ◽  
Parasitoid Wasp ◽  
Mass Rearing ◽  
Diploid Male ◽  
Diploid Males ◽  
Offspring Sex Ratio ◽  
Complementary Sex Determination

Over 60 species in Hymenoptera have been reported to possess a complementary sex determination (CSD) system. Under CSD, sex is determined by allelic complementation at one or several sex loci. But this mechanism is still uninvestigated in parasitoid wasp Trichogramma dendrolimi, one of the most important biocontrol agents widely used against Lepidopteran pests. We tested CSD in this species by conducting ten consecutive generations of inbreeding, to monitor both direct evidence (diploid male production) and indirect evidence (brood size, sex ratio, mortality). In total 475 males detected from this inbreeding regime, only one was determined as diploidy. The observed proportions of diploid male offspring significantly differed from expected values under CSD model involving up to ten independent loci, allowing us to safely reject CSD in T. dendrolimi. Meanwhile, the possibility of unviable diploid males was excluded by the absence of significant differences in brood size, offspring sex ratio and offspring mortality among different generations. Our study of sex determination in T. dendrolimi provides useful information for the mass rearing conditions in a biofactory and the quality improvement of this biocontrol agent. It also brings necessary background to further study of the sex determination in Trichogramma.

NOR activity and repeat sequences of the paternal sex ratio chromosome of the parasitoid wasp Trichogramma kaykai

Chromosoma ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 114 (6) ◽  
pp. 410-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joke J. F. A. van Vugt ◽  
Silvester de Nooijer ◽  
Richard Stouthamer ◽  
Hans de Jong
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Parasitoid Wasp ◽  
Repeat Sequences ◽  
Paternal Sex Ratio

Local Mating, Dispersal and Sex Ratio in a Gregarious Parasitoid Wasp

Ethology ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 105 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian C. W. Hardy ◽  
Jesper B. Pedersen ◽  
Mikael K. Sejr ◽  
Ulla H. Linderoth
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Parasitoid Wasp ◽  
Gregarious Parasitoid

scholarly journals The origin of a selfish B chromosome triggering paternal sex ratio in the parasitoid wasp Trichogramma kaykai

2009 ◽  
Vol 276 (1676) ◽  
pp. 4149-4154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joke J. F. A. Van Vugt ◽  
Hans de Jong ◽  
Richard Stouthamer
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Dna Analysis ◽  
Parasitoid Wasp ◽  
B Chromosome ◽  
Satellite Repeat ◽  
Paternal Genome ◽  
Major Satellite ◽  
Similar Mode ◽  
Different Origins ◽  
Paternal Sex Ratio

This study uses molecular and cytogenetic methods to determine the origin of a B chromosome in some males of the wasp Trichogramma kaykai . This so-called paternal sex ratio (PSR) chromosome transmits only through sperm and shortly after fertilization triggers degeneration of the paternal genome, while keeping itself intact. The resulting embryos develop into haploid B-chromosome-carrying males. Another PSR chromosome with a very similar mode of action is found in the distantly related wasp Nasonia vitripennis and its origin was traced by transposon similarity to the genus Trichomalopsis , which is closely related to Nasonia . To determine whether both PSR chromosomes have a similar origin we aimed to reveal the origin of the Trichogramma PSR chromosome. Using fluorescent in situ hybridization, we discovered a major satellite repeat on the PSR chromosome, the 45S ribosomal DNA. Analysis of the internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) of this repeat showed the presence of multiple ITS2 sequences on the PSR chromosome resembling either the ITS2 of T. oleae or of T. kaykai . We therefore conclude that the Trichogramma PSR chromosome originates from T. oleae or a T. oleae -like species. Our results are consistent with different origins for the PSR chromosomes in Trichogramma and Nasonia .

scholarly journals Lethal combat and sex ratio evolution in a parasitoid wasp

2007 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 709-715 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. M. Innocent ◽  
J. Savage ◽  
S. A. West ◽  
S. E. Reece
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Parasitoid Wasp
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