scholarly journals Fluctuations of Time Averages Around Closed Geodesics in Non-Positive Curvature

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel J. Thompson ◽  
Tianyu Wang
Keyword(s):  
Positive Curvature ◽  
Closed Geodesics ◽  
Time Averages

Biophysics (and sociology) of ceramides.

2005 ◽  
Vol 72 ◽  
pp. 177-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Félix M. Goñi ◽  
F-Xabier Contreras ◽  
L-Ruth Montes ◽  
Jesús Sot ◽  
Alicia Alonso
Keyword(s):  
Cell Biology ◽  
Positive Curvature ◽  
Acyl Chain ◽  
Cell Signalling ◽  
Hexagonal Structure ◽  
Lipid Monolayer ◽  
Flip Flop ◽  
Long Chain ◽  
Bilayer Permeability

In the past decade, the long-neglected ceramides (N-acylsphingosines) have become one of the most attractive lipid molecules in molecular cell biology, because of their involvement in essential structures (stratum corneum) and processes (cell signalling). Most natural ceramides have a long (16-24 C atoms) N-acyl chain, but short N-acyl chain ceramides (two to six C atoms) also exist in Nature, apart from being extensively used in experimentation, because they can be dispersed easily in water. Long-chain ceramides are among the most hydrophobic molecules in Nature, they are totally insoluble in water and they hardly mix with phospholipids in membranes, giving rise to ceramide-enriched domains. In situ enzymic generation, or external addition, of long-chain ceramides in membranes has at least three important effects: (i) the lipid monolayer tendency to adopt a negative curvature, e.g. through a transition to an inverted hexagonal structure, is increased, (ii) bilayer permeability to aqueous solutes is notoriously enhanced, and (iii) transbilayer (flip-flop) lipid motion is promoted. Short-chain ceramides mix much better with phospholipids, promote a positive curvature in lipid monolayers, and their capacities to increase bilayer permeability or transbilayer motion are very low or non-existent.

Filling words in fundamental groups of Riemann surfaces

2013 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-50
Author(s):  
C. Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Riemann Surface ◽  
Fundamental Group ◽  
Riemann Surfaces ◽  
Fundamental Groups ◽  
Closed Geodesics ◽  
New Words

The purpose of this article is to utilize some exiting words in the fundamental group of a Riemann surface to acquire new words that are represented by filling closed geodesics.

On Complete Open Manifolds of Positive Curvature

1969 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
pp. 75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Detlef Gromoll ◽  
Wolfgang Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Positive Curvature ◽  
Open Manifolds

scholarly journals A central limit theorem for random closed geodesics: Proof of the Chas–Li–Maskit conjecture

2019 ◽  
Vol 358 ◽  
pp. 106852
Author(s):  
Ilya Gekhtman ◽  
Samuel J. Taylor ◽  
Giulio Tiozzo
Keyword(s):  
Central Limit Theorem ◽  
Limit Theorem ◽  
Central Limit ◽  
Closed Geodesics

scholarly journals Angular self-intersections for closed geodesics on surfaces

2005 ◽  
Vol 134 (02) ◽  
pp. 419-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Pollicott ◽  
Richard Sharp
Keyword(s):  
Closed Geodesics

scholarly journals On Takens’ last problem: tangencies and time averages near heteroclinic networks

Nonlinearity ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 1876-1910 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabel S Labouriau ◽  
Alexandre A P Rodrigues
Keyword(s):  
Time Averages
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