Ultrastructural observations of the tunica muscularis in the small intestine of Xenopus laevis, with special reference to the interstitial cells of Cajal

2007 ◽  
Vol 328 (2) ◽  
pp. 271-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sachiko Miyamoto-Kikuta ◽  
Terumasa Komuro
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Xenopus Laevis ◽  
Special Reference ◽  
Interstitial Cells Of Cajal ◽  
Interstitial Cells ◽  
Tunica Muscularis ◽  
Cells Of Cajal

scholarly journals Expression of the Regulated Isoform of the Electrogenic Na+/HCO3- Cotransporter, NBCe1, is Enriched in Pacemaker Interstitial Cells of Cajal

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria-Gabriela Colmenares Aguilar ◽  
Amelia Mazzone ◽  
Seth T Eisenman ◽  
Peter R Strege ◽  
Cheryl E Bernard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Slow Wave ◽  
Interstitial Cells Of Cajal ◽  
Interstitial Cells ◽  
Transcriptional Analysis ◽  
Pacemaker Activity ◽  
Ip3 Receptor ◽  
Gene Transcripts ◽  
Tunica Muscularis ◽  
Cells Of Cajal

Interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) generate electrical slow waves, which are required for normal gastrointestinal motility. The mechanisms for generation of normal pacemaking are not fully understood. Normal gastrointestinal contractility and electrical slow wave activity depend on the presence of extracellular HCO3-. Previous transcriptional analysis identified enrichment of mRNA encoding the electrogenic Na+/HCO3- cotransporter (NBCe1) gene (Slc4a4) in pacemaker myenteric ICC in mouse small intestine. We aimed to determine the distribution of NBCe1 protein in ICC of the mouse gastrointestinal tract, and to identify the transcripts of the Slc4a4 gene in mouse and human small intestinal tunica muscularis. We determined the distribution of NBCe1-immunoreactivity (NBCe1-IR) by immunofluorescent labeling in mouse and human tissues. In mice, NBCe1-IR was restricted to Kit-positive myenteric ICC of the stomach and small intestine and sub-muscular ICC of the large intestine; that is the slow wave generating subset of ICC. Other sub-types of ICC were NBCe1-negative. Quantitative real time PCR identified >500 fold enrichment of Slc4a4‑207 and Slc4a4‑208 transcripts (IP3-receptor binding protein released by IP3" (IRBIT) regulated isoforms) in Kit expressing cells isolated from KitcreERT2/+, Rpl22tm1.1Psam/Sj mice and from single GFP-positive ICC from Kittm1Rosay mice. Human jejunal tunica muscularis ICC were also NBCe1-positive and SLC4A4‑201 and SLC4A4‑204 RNAs were >300 fold enriched relative to SLC4A4‑202. In summary, NBCe1 protein expressed in ICC with electrical pacemaker function is encoded by Slc4a4 gene transcripts that generate IRBIT regulated isoforms of NBCe1. In conclusion Na+/HCO3- cotransport through NBCe1 contributes to the generation of pacemaker activity in subsets of ICC.

scholarly journals Effects of ATP on Pacemaker Activity of Interstitial Cells of Cajal from the Mouse Small Intestine

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Il Koo Park ◽  
Jin Ho Kim ◽  
Chan Guk Park ◽  
Man Yoo Kim ◽  
Shankar Prasad Parajuli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Interstitial Cells Of Cajal ◽  
Interstitial Cells ◽  
Pacemaker Activity ◽  
Mouse Small Intestine ◽  
Cells Of Cajal

Deficiency of interstitial cells of Cajal in the small intestine of patients with Crohn's disease

2002 ◽  
Vol 97 (1) ◽  
pp. 118-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christophe Porcher ◽  
Marjolaine Baldo ◽  
Monique Henry ◽  
Pierre Orsoni ◽  
Yvon Jule ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Crohn’S Disease ◽  
Crohn's Disease ◽  
Interstitial Cells Of Cajal ◽  
Interstitial Cells ◽  
Cells Of Cajal

Action potential generation in the small intestine of W mutant mice that lack interstitial cells of Cajal

1996 ◽  
Vol 271 (3) ◽  
pp. G387-G399 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Malysz ◽  
L. Thuneberg ◽  
H. B. Mikkelsen ◽  
J. D. Huizinga
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Action Potentials ◽  
Interstitial Cells Of Cajal ◽  
Interstitial Cells ◽  
K Channel ◽  
Pacemaker Activity ◽  
Channel Blockade ◽  
Auerbach’S Plexus ◽  
Cells Of Cajal ◽  
Auerbach's Plexus

The small intestine of W/Wv mice lacks both the network of interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC), associated with Auerbach's plexus, and pacemaker activity, i.e., it does not generate slow-wave-type action potentials. The W/Wv muscle preparations showed a wide variety of electrical activities, ranging from total quiescence to generation of action potentials at regular or irregular frequency with or without periods of quiescence. The action potentials consisted of a slow component with superimposed spikes, preceded by a slowly developing depolarization and followed by a transient hyperpolarization. The action potentials were completely abolished by L-type Ca2+ channel blockers. W/Wv mice responded to K+ channel blockade (0.5 mM Ba2+ or 10 mM tetraethylammonium chloride) with effects on amplitude, frequency, rate of rise, and duration of the action potentials. In quiescent tissues from W/Wv mice, K+ channel blockade evoked the typical spikelike action potentials. Electron microscopy identified few methylene blue-positive cells in the W/Wv small intestine associated with Auerbach's plexus as individual ICC. Numbers of resident macrophage-like cells (MLC) and fibroblast-like cells (FLC) were significantly changed. Neither FLC nor MLC were part of a network nor did they form specialized junctions with neighboring cells as ICC do. Hence no cell type had replaced ICC at their normal morphological position associated with Auerbach's plexus. ICC were present in W/Wv mice at the deep muscular plexus in normal organization and numbers, indicating that they are not dependent on the Kit protein and do not take part in generation of pacemaker activity.

scholarly journals Molecular markers expressed in cultured and freshly isolated interstitial cells of Cajal

2000 ◽  
Vol 279 (2) ◽  
pp. C529-C539 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Epperson ◽  
William J. Hatton ◽  
Brid Callaghan ◽  
Philip Doherty ◽  
Rebecca L. Walker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Small Intestine ◽  
Interstitial Cells Of Cajal ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Interstitial Cells ◽  
Gastric Fundus ◽  
Soluble Form ◽  
Pacemaker Activity ◽  
Murine Small Intestine ◽  
Cells Of Cajal

Located within the tunica muscularis of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract are networks of cells known as interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC). ICC are critical for important basic functions of GI motility such as generation and propagation of slow-wave pacemaker activity and reception of regulatory inputs from the enteric nervous system. We have developed a novel procedure to identify and isolate individual ICC from freshly dispersed cell preparations of the murine small intestine and gastric fundus and to determine differential transcriptional expression We have compared the expression profiles of pacemaker ICC isolated from the murine small intestine (IC-MY) and ICC involved in neurotransmission from the gastric fundus (IC-IM). We have also compared expression profiles between ICC and smooth muscle cells (SMC) and between freshly isolated ICC and cultured ICC. Cultured ICC express smooth muscle myosin, whereas freshly dispersed ICC do not. All cell types express muscarinic receptor types M2and M3, neurokinin receptors NK1and NK3, and inhibitory receptor VIP-1, whereas only cultured ICC and SMC express VIP-2. Both cultured and freshly dispersed IC-IM and IC-MY express the soluble form of stem cell factor, whereas SMC from the gastric fundus express only the membrane-bound form.

scholarly journals Menthol Modulates Pacemaker Potentials through TRPA1 Channels in Cultured Interstitial Cells of Cajal from Murine Small Intestine

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 1869-1882 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyun Jung Kim ◽  
Jinhong Wie ◽  
Insuk So ◽  
Myeong Ho Jung ◽  
Ki-Tae Ha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Membrane Potential ◽  
Interstitial Cells Of Cajal ◽  
Rho Kinase ◽  
Thromboxane A2 ◽  
Interstitial Cells ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Induced Membrane ◽  
Pacemaker Potentials ◽  
Cells Of Cajal

Background/Aims: ICCs are the pacemaker cells responsible for slow waves in gastrointestinal (GI) smooth muscle, and generate periodic pacemaker potentials in current-clamp mode. Methods: The effects of menthol on the pacemaker potentials of cultured interstitial cells of Cajal (ICCs) from mouse small intestine were studied using the whole cell patch clamp technique. Results: Menthol (1 - 10 μM) was found to induce membrane potential depolarization in a concentration-dependent manner. The effects of various TRP channel antagonists were examined to investigate the receptors involved. The addition of the TRPM8 antagonist, AMTB, did not block menthol-induced membrane potential depolarizations, but TRPA1 antagonists (A967079 or HC-030031) blocked the effects of menthol, as did intracellular GDPβS. Furthermore, external and internal Ca2+ levels were found to depolarize menthol-induced membrane potentials, whereas external Na+ was not. Y-27632 (a Rho kinase inhibitor), SC-560 (a selective COX 1 inhibitor), NS-398 (a selective COX 2 inhibitor), ozagrel (a thromboxane A2 synthase inhibitor) and SQ-29548 (highly selective thromboxane receptor antagonist) were used to investigate the involvements of Rho-kinase, cyclooxygenase (COX), and the thromboxane pathway in menthol-induced membrane potential depolarizations, and all inhibitors were found to block the effect of menthol. Conclusions: These results suggest that menthol-induced membrane potential depolarizations occur in a G-protein-, Ca2+-, Rho-kinase-, COX-, and thromboxane A2-dependent manner via TRPA1 receptor in cultured ICCs in murine small intestine. The study shows ICCs are targeted by menthol and that this interaction can affect intestinal motility.

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