Structure and Function of Populus deltoides Agroforestry Systems in Eastern India: 2. Nutrient dynamics

2005 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 223-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. K. Das ◽  
O. P. Chaturvedi
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Dynamics ◽  
Populus Deltoides ◽  
Agroforestry Systems ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Eastern India ◽  
And Function

Cacao, Shade, and Agroforestry

2021 ◽  
pp. 138-145
Author(s):  
Dale Walters
Keyword(s):  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
Agroforestry Systems ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Native Forest ◽  
Shade Trees ◽  
Forest Trees ◽  
And Function ◽  
Trees And Shrubs

In its natural habitat, cacao grows in the shade of larger trees. In fact, 70 percent of the world’s cacao is grown with some level of shade. This comes mostly from native forest trees, thinned out to provide space for cacao seedlings to be planted, or to a lesser extent, from trees specially planted to provide shade. This mixture of shade trees and shrubs creates a three-tier canopy, resulting in a multi-species system similar in structure and function to a forest, known as an agroforest. Cacao agroforestry systems include full-sun cacao, diversified-shade cacao, and specialized-shade cacao. Achieving an appropriate level of shading for cacao is important, since it affects yield and can influence pest and disease outbreaks. Shade in cacao also helps to maintain biodiversity, so getting shade right in cacao agroforestry is important. This chapter examines the benefits and problems associated with growing cacao with and without shade.

Landscape Effects on Ecosystem Structure and Function

2019 ◽  
pp. 512-546
Author(s):  
Kimberly A. With
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Dynamics ◽  
Landscape Heterogeneity ◽  
Landscape Management ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Landscape Context ◽  
Ecological Resilience ◽  
Ecosystem Structure ◽  
The Face ◽  
And Function ◽  
Ecosystem Structure And Function

Landscape ecosystem ecology is concerned with the study of how landscape structure affects ecosystem structure and function, and how landscape heterogeneity in turn is generated or sustained by the redistribution of nutrients or organisms within and among ecosystems. This chapter begins with an overview of how landscape context influences ecosystem processes, including the effects of land management and land-cover change on nutrient dynamics and productivity. Next, the chapter considers the linkages among systems (metaecosystems) and how spatial subsidies are important for understanding ecosystem function in a landscape context. The chapter then explores under what conditions landscape function becomes disrupted, possibly precipitating irreversible system state changes, before concluding with a clarion call for landscape sustainability; that is, landscape management that preserves the productivity, multifunctionality, and ecological resilience of landscapes in the face of future societal demands, intensifying land use, and rapid climate change.

Soil heavy metals and phytoremediation by Populus deltoides alter the structure and function of bacterial community in mine ecosystems

2022 ◽  
Vol 172 ◽  
pp. 104359
Author(s):  
Xuan Zhang ◽  
Baiquan Zeng ◽  
Hui Li ◽  
Jing Huang ◽  
Lijuan Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Populus Deltoides ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Soil Heavy Metals ◽  
And Function
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