Abstract
Background
Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI) is one of the leading causes of human death. Nod-like receptor protein-3 (NLRP3) inflammasome signaling pathway involved in the pathogenesis of MIRI. However, the upstream regulating mechanisms of NLRP3 at molecular level remains unknown.
Purpose
This study investigated the role of microRNA330-5p (miR-330-5p) in NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated MIRI and the associated mechanism.
Methods
Mice underwent 45 min occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery followed by different times of reperfusion. Myocardial miR-330-5p expression was examined by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and miR-330-5p antagomir and agomir were used to regulate miR-330-5p expression. To evaluate the role of miR-330-5p in MIRI, Evans Blue (EB)/2, 3, 5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining, echocardiography, and immunoblotting were used to assess infarct volume, cardiac function, and NLRP3 inflammasome activation, respectively. Further, in vitro myocardial ischemia-reperfusion model was established in cardiomyocytes (H9C2 cell line). A luciferase binding assay was used to examine whether miR-330-5p directly bound to T-cell immunoglobulin domain and mucin domain-containing molecule-3 (TIM3). Finally, the role of miR-330-5p/TIM3 axis in regulating apoptosis and NLRP3 inflammasome formation were evaluated using flow cytometry assay and immunofluorescence staining.
Results
Compared to the model group, inhibiting miR-330-5p significantly aggravated MIRI resulting in increased infarct volume (58.09±6.39% vs. 37.82±8.86%, P<0.01) and more severe cardiac dysfunction (left ventricular ejection fraction [LVEF] 12.77%±6.07% vs. 27.44%±4.47%, P<0.01; left ventricular end-diastolic volume [LVEDV] 147.18±25.82 vs. 101.31±33.20, P<0.05; left ventricular end-systolic volume [LVESV] 129.11±30.17 vs. 74.29±28.54, P<0.05). Moreover, inhibiting miR-330-5p significantly increased the levels of NLRP3 inflammasome related proteins including caspase-1 (0.80±0.083 vs. 0.60±0.062, P<0.05), interleukin (IL)-1β (0.87±0.053 vs. 0.79±0.083, P<0.05), IL-18 (0.52±0.063 vs. 0.49±0.098, P<0.05) and tissue necrosis factor (TNF)-α (1.47±0.17 vs. 1.03±0.11, P<0.05). Furthermore, TIM3 was confirmed as a potential target of miR-330-5p. As predicted, suppression of TIM3 by small interfering RNA (siRNA) ameliorated the anti-miR-330-5p-mediated apoptosis of cardiomyocytes and activation of NLRP3 inflammasome signaling pathway (Figure 1).
Conclusion
Overall, our study indicated that miR-330-5p/TIM3 axis involved in the regulating mechanism of NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury.
Figure 1
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding source: Foundation. Main funding source(s): National Natural Science Foundation of China Grants
Aging might augment reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation and affect reactive nitrogen species (RNS) level after myocardial ischemia/reperfusion in both humans and rats
