The invasive stink bug Halyomorpha halys affects the reproductive success and the experience-mediated behavioural responses of the egg parasitoid Trissolcus basalis

A parasitoid wasp, Trissolcus basalis (Wollaston), was recorded parasitizing eggs of the invasive stink bug Halyomorpha halys (Stål) in the United States. This is the first record of this species parasitizing fresh and frozen eggs of H. halys in the United States. First record of Trissolcus basalis parasitizing Halyomorpha halys eggs in the United States.

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Behavioral responses of the egg parasitoid Trissolcus japonicus to volatiles from adults of its stink bug host, Halyomorpha halys

Journal of Pest Science ◽

10.1007/s10340-017-0884-6 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 90 (4) ◽

pp. 1097-1105 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Yong-Zhi Zhong ◽

Jin-Ping Zhang ◽

Li-Li Ren ◽

Rui Tang ◽

Hai-Xia Zhan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Behavioral Responses ◽

Egg Parasitoid ◽

Halyomorpha Halys ◽

Stink Bug ◽

Trissolcus Japonicus

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An effective cold storage method for stockpiling Halyomorpha halys eggs for field surveys and laboratory rearing of Trissolcus japonicus

10.1101/2020.04.30.071183 ◽

2020 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Warren H. L. Wong ◽

Matt A. Walz ◽

Angela B. Oscienny ◽

Jade L. Sherwood ◽

Paul K. Abram

Keyword(s):

Current Method ◽

Field Studies ◽

Egg Parasitoid ◽

Halyomorpha Halys ◽

Stink Bug ◽

Time Activity ◽

Egg Masses ◽

Fitness Consequences ◽

Laboratory Colony ◽

Trissolcus Japonicus

AbstractAn effective stockpiling method for egg masses of the invasive brown marmorated stink bug (Halyomorpha halys [Stål]; Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) would be useful for rearing and field studies of its egg parasitoid Trissolcus japonicus (Ashmead) (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae). The current method of stockpiling H. halys egg masses at sub-zero temperatures has lethal and sublethal fitness consequences for T. japonicus. We show that parasitoid emergence from egg masses refrigerated at 8°C for up to two months before parasitism is higher than from frozen egg masses and usually has minimal or no sublethal fitness effects (sex ratio, development time, activity, fecundity, longevity, and weight) on emerging T. japonicus. Only after two months of host egg refrigeration did the emergence of T. japonicus begin to decrease significantly (by 9.6% relative to untreated viable egg masses), whereas egg masses previously frozen at -80°C had a 58.8% reduction in parasitoid emergence after 14 days of storage. Refrigerated egg masses that were subsequently exposed to average field temperatures (warm: 22.9°C; cool: 13.2°C) were still suitable for T. japonicus parasitism after 7 days, while viable egg masses exposed to warm temperatures for 7 days before parasitism had 24.1% lower parasitoid emergence. Our results demonstrate that refrigeration at 8°C, while resulting in complete mortality of H. halys embryos after 10 days, are more suitable for T. japonicus parasitism than those stored at sub-zero temperatures. The quantity and quality of H. halys eggs that can be stockpiled with this method could facilitate T. japonicus laboratory colony maintenance, field monitoring, and releases.

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Physiological Host Range of Trissolcus Mitsukurii, A Candidate Biological Control Agent of Halyomorpha Halys

10.21203/rs.3.rs-362649/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Lucrezia Giovannini ◽

Giuseppino Sabbatini-Peverieri ◽

Leonardo Marianelli ◽

Gabriele Rondoni ◽

Eric Conti ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Biological Control ◽

Host Range ◽

Biocontrol Agent ◽

Biological Control Agent ◽

Classical Biological Control ◽

Egg Parasitoid ◽

Control Agent ◽

Egg Load ◽

Halyomorpha Halys ◽

Stink Bug

Abstract The invasive stink bug Halyomorpha halys is a severe agricultural pest of worldwide importance, and chemical insecticides are largely sprayed for the control of its populations. Negative impacts and several failures in chemical pest management led to consider classical biological control as one of the most promising methods in a long-term perspective. The Asian egg parasitoid Trissolcus japonicus is the main candidate biocontrol agent of H. halys, but more recently a second Asian egg parasitoid, Trissolcus mitsukurii, is getting attention after adventive populations were found on H. halys egg masses in Europe. Before recommending the use of T. mitsukurii for biological control of H. halys, a risk analysis is necessary and therefore here we present the first study on the fundamental physiological host range of this parasitoid in Europe. Tests conducted with T. mitsukurii on different hemipterans, using three different experimental designs, revealed a broad physiological host range, comparable with the host range displayed by T. japonicus under similar laboratory conditions. Specifically, in addition to its coevolved host H. halys, T. mitsukurii successfully parasitized the majority of tested pentatomid species and one scutellerid, although with highly variable emergence rates. Host egg sizes positively affected parasitoid size and female egg load. Further studies, testing more complex systems that involve olfactory cues from host and host plants, will simulate different aspects of the parasitoid host location behavior under field conditions, allowing in-depth evaluation of the possible risks associated with the use of T. mitsukurii as a biocontrol agent of H. halys.

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Effects of Aggregation Lure and Tree Species on Halyomorpha halys (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) Seasonal Oviposition

Journal of Economic Entomology ◽

10.1093/jee/toz281 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Adam Formella ◽

Seth J Dorman ◽

Sally V Taylor ◽

Thomas P Kuhar

Keyword(s):

Host Density ◽

Egg Parasitoid ◽

Egg Laying ◽

Halyomorpha Halys ◽

Stink Bug ◽

Egg Masses ◽

Cercis Canadensis ◽

Augmentative Releases ◽

Ornamental Trees ◽

Tree Fruits

Abstract The brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys (Stål), is a polyphagous pest that feeds on a wide variety of agricultural commodities including tree fruits, berries, vegetables, field crops, and ornamental trees and shrubs. Accurate knowledge of where H. halys lays eggs is critical to optimize the potential release of Trissolcus japonicus (Ashmead), a scelionid egg parasitoid native to the same host region as H. halys. Ideally, parasitoids should be released in and around areas with high host density. In southwestern Virginia in 2017 and 2018, we searched trees for egg masses in an urban environment and nonmanaged wooded border environment. We also evaluated the effects of a commercial aggregation lure on the number of eggs being deposited. This aggregation lure, when combined with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate (MDT), has been shown to attract both adult and nymph H. halys and its effects on egg laying were not known. Results of this study showed no difference between the number of eggs laid on trees with and without lures. Catalpa trees, Catalpa bignonioides Walter, had the most egg masses throughout the course of the study; however, the redbud, Cercis canadensis L., had similar numbers in the late July and August. There was an overall trend with more eggs masses found on trees with fruiting structures present. This information can provide insight on where and when to make augmentative releases of egg parasitoids for H. halys.

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Morphology of the antennal sex-gland in male Trissolcus basalis (Woll.) (Hymenoptera : Scelionidae), an egg parasitoid of the green stink bug, Nezara viridula (Hemiptera : Pentatomidae)

International Journal of Insect Morphology and Embryology ◽

10.1016/0020-7322(86)90052-8 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 15 (3) ◽

pp. 129-138 ◽

Cited By ~ 32

Author(s):

F. Bin ◽

S.B. Vinson

Keyword(s):

Egg Parasitoid ◽

Nezara Viridula ◽

Stink Bug ◽

Trissolcus Basalis ◽

Green Stink Bug

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The Egg Parasitoid Trissolcus basalis uses n-nonadecane, a Cuticular Hydrocarbon from its Stink Bug Host Nezara viridula, to Discriminate Between Female and Male Hosts

Journal of Chemical Ecology ◽

10.1007/s10886-007-9300-7 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 33 (7) ◽

pp. 1405-1420 ◽

Cited By ~ 63

Author(s):

Stefano Colazza ◽

Gloria Aquila ◽

Claudio De Pasquale ◽

Ezio Peri ◽

Jocelyn G. Millar

Keyword(s):

Cuticular Hydrocarbon ◽

Egg Parasitoid ◽

Nezara Viridula ◽

Stink Bug ◽

Trissolcus Basalis

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Host Kairomones Influence Searching Behavior of Trissolcus japonicus (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae), a Parasitoid of Halyomorpha halys (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae)

Environmental Entomology ◽

10.1093/ee/nvz155 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 49 (1) ◽

pp. 15-20 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Sean M Boyle ◽

Donald C Weber ◽

Judith Hough-Goldstein ◽

Kim A Hoelmer

Keyword(s):

Host Range ◽

Classical Biological Control ◽

Egg Parasitoid ◽

Halyomorpha Halys ◽

Stink Bug ◽

Red Maple ◽

Classical Biocontrol ◽

Trissolcus Japonicus ◽

Walking Velocity ◽

Heteroptera Pentatomidae

Abstract The brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys (Stål), is a highly polyphagous species native to Asia that has become a serious invasive agricultural and nuisance pest across North America and Europe. Classical biological control host range evaluations have revealed egg parasitoid Trissolcus japonicus (Ashmead) to be the primary candidate biocontrol agent for field release against H. halys. However, these evaluations only provide us with the physiological host range of T. japonicus. Other Trissolcus species have demonstrated that contact kairomones from different host species elicit varied responses in the parasitoids’ host foraging behaviors. To assess T. japonicus response to host kairomones, mated naive females were exposed to leaf surfaces contaminated with adult kairomones from its preferred host, H. halys, or from a native nontarget host, Podisus maculiventris (Say) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae). Red maple, apple, and soybean were used as plant substrate treatments. The wasp’s residence time on the leaf surface, linear walking velocity, and angular walking velocity were observed and measured using Noldus EthoVision XT tracking software. Within each leaf treatment, T. japonicus displayed stronger behavioral responses on leaves contaminated with contact kairomones from H. halys. The parasitoid resided on H. halys contaminated leaves for approximately twice as a long as it did on P. maculiventris contaminated leaves. Further, both species’ kairomones elicited significant decreases in parasitoid walking velocity on all tested substrate types. Overall, our study suggests that kairomone-based behavioral studies can be used to further evaluate the host specificity of T. japonicus and can be an invaluable supplement to classical biocontrol host range testing regimes.

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Identification and expression of odorant binding proteins in the egg-parasitoid Trissolcus basalis (Wollaston) (Hymenoptera, Scelionidae, Telenominae)

Journal of Hymenoptera Research ◽

10.3897/jhr.87.68954 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 87 ◽

pp. 251-266

Author(s):

Kendall King ◽

Megan E. Meuti ◽

Norman F. Johnson

Keyword(s):

Binding Proteins ◽

Gene Tree ◽

Egg Parasitoid ◽

Host Finding ◽

Stink Bug ◽

Trissolcus Basalis ◽

Pairwise Identity ◽

Odorant Binding Proteins ◽

Southern Green Stink Bug ◽

Odorant Binding

Trissolcus basalis (Wollaston) (Hymenoptera, Scelionidae) is an egg-parasitoid of the southern green stink bug, Nezara viridula (Linneaus) (Hemiptera, Pentatomidae). Many behaviors associated with female T. basalis host-finding and acceptance are mediated by chemosensory pathways, for which olfactory, gustatory and ionotropic receptors have been previously identified. Odorant binding proteins (OBPs) are small, globular proteins, one of the functions of which is the transport of odorant ligands through the aqueous lymph of chemosensory sensilla to these receptors. We identified 18 classical OBP sequences in the T. basalis genome and transcriptomes sharing an average 26.8% pairwise identity. Gene tree analyses suggest very limited lineage-specific expansion and identify potential orthologs among other scelionids and Hymenoptera. Transcriptome mapping and qPCR comparison of expression levels in antennae and bodies of both sexes determine that at least five TbOBPs are preferentially expressed in the female antennae. These are, therefore, prime candidates for further study to determine their role in detecting host-produced semiochemicals.

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Sensitivity of the Egg Parasitoid Trissolcus japonicus (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) to Field and Laboratory-Applied Insecticide Residue

Journal of Economic Entomology ◽

10.1093/jee/toz127 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 112 (5) ◽

pp. 2077-2084 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

David M Lowenstein ◽

Heather Andrews ◽

Anthony Mugica ◽

Nik G Wiman

Keyword(s):

Biological Control ◽

Untreated Control ◽

Egg Parasitoid ◽

Halyomorpha Halys ◽

Brown Marmorated Stink Bug ◽

Stink Bug ◽

Anthranilic Diamide ◽

Trissolcus Japonicus ◽

Organic Insecticides ◽

Urban Sites

Abstract The spread of adventive Trissolcus japonicus (Ashmead, 1904) populations in North America is anticipated to increase biological control of Halyomorpha halys (Stål; Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), the brown marmorated stink bug. In an agricultural context, biological control will succeed if it can be integrated in an environment with insecticide applications. We investigated T. japonicus compatibility with nine conventional and organic insecticides commonly used in integrated pest management in perennial crops. Through evaluating mortality and longevity in field and laboratory trials, we determined that T. japonicus fares poorly when exposed to residues of neonicotinoids and pyrethroids. Spinosad resulted in the highest percentage of T. japonicus mortality, 100% in the laboratory and 97% in a field trial. The anthranilic diamide, chlorantraniliprole, had the lowest lethality, with no differences compared to an untreated control. Trissolcus japonicus survived insecticide applications in hazelnut orchards, and over 50% of wasps remained alive after contact with the anthranilic diamides, chlorantraniliprole and cyantraniliprole, the biopesticide Chromobacterium, and an untreated control. Our results indicate that T. japonicus is unlikely to survive and parasitize H. halys in settings that coincide with broad-spectrum insecticide application. Future T. japonicus redistributions could continue in orchards treated with anthranilic diamides and Chromobacterium. As H. halys is a landscape-level pest, orchards may also benefit from biological control if T. japonicus are released in unsprayed areas adjacent to agriculture and in urban sites.

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