scholarly journals Neural Mechanisms Underlying Human Auditory Evoked Responses Revealed By Human Neocortical Neurosolver

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmen Kohl ◽  
Tiina Parviainen ◽  
Stephanie R. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Processing ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Neural Mechanisms ◽  
Evoked Responses ◽  
Modeling Framework ◽  
Specific Sequence ◽  
Activation Patterns ◽  
Auditory Evoked Responses ◽  
Hemisphere Dominance

AbstractAuditory evoked fields (AEFs) are commonly studied, yet their underlying neural mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here, we used the biophysical modelling software Human Neocortical Neurosolver (HNN) whose foundation is a canonical neocortical circuit model to interpret the cell and network mechanisms contributing to macroscale AEFs elicited by a simple tone, measured with magnetoencephalography. We found that AEFs can be reproduced by activating the neocortical circuit through a layer specific sequence of feedforward and feedback excitatory synaptic drives, similar to prior simulation of somatosensory evoked responses, supporting the notion that basic structures and activation patterns are preserved across sensory regions. We also applied the modeling framework to develop and test predictions on neural mechanisms underlying AEF differences in the left and right hemispheres, as well as in hemispheres contralateral and ipsilateral to the presentation of the auditory stimulus. We found that increasing the strength of the excitatory synaptic cortical feedback inputs to supragranular layers simulates the commonly observed right hemisphere dominance, while decreasing the input latencies and simultaneously increasing the number of cells contributing to the signal accounted for the contralateral dominance. These results provide a direct link between human data and prior animal studies and lay the foundation for future translational research examining the mechanisms underlying alteration in this fundamental biomarker of auditory processing in healthy cognition and neuropathology.

Reversal of Hemispheric Asymmetry on Auditory Tasks in Children Who Are Poor Listeners

2002 ◽  
Vol 13 (02) ◽  
pp. 059-071 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca I. Estes ◽  
James Jerger ◽  
Gary Jacobson
Keyword(s):  
Visual Processing ◽  
Auditory Processing ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Hemispheric Lateralization ◽  
Midsagittal Plane ◽  
Activation Patterns ◽  
Hemispheric Activation ◽  
Auditory Tasks ◽  
Age Range

We examined hemispheric activation patterns during auditory and visual processing in two groups of children: 13 boys in the age range from 9 to 12 years rated by their parents and teachers as poor listeners and 11 boys in the same age range rated as normal listeners. Three tasks were employed: auditory gap detection, detection of auditory movement, and a control task involving visuospatial discrimination. Electrical activity was recorded from 30 scalp electrodes as participants responded to target stimuli in an event-related potential paradigm. In the visual task, hemispheric activation was relatively symmetric around the midsagittal plane in both groups. In the two auditory tasks, however, hemispheric activation patterns differed significantly between groups. In the normal-listener group, activation was asymmetric to the right hemisphere. In the poor-listener group, however, activation tended toward asymmetry, favoring the left hemisphere. These results suggest that abnormalities in hemispheric lateralization of function may underlie the auditory processing problems of at least some children described as poor listeners.

scholarly journals Brain Hemispheres Swap Dominance for Processing Semantically Meaningful Pitch

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao-Dong Wang ◽  
Hong Xu ◽  
Zhen Yuan ◽  
Hao Luo ◽  
Ming Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Cognitive Processing ◽  
Auditory Processing ◽  
Mismatch Negativity ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Semantic Interpretation ◽  
Brain Wave ◽  
Behavioral Reaction ◽  
Hemisphere Dominance

The question of what determines brain laterality for auditory cognitive processing is unresolved. Here, we demonstrate a swap of hemisphere dominance from right to left during semantic interpretation of Chinese lexical tones in native speakers using simultaneously recorded mismatch negativity response and behavioral reaction time during dichotic listening judgment. The mismatch negativity, which is a brain wave response and indexes auditory processing at an early stage, indicated right hemisphere dominance. In contrast, the behavioral reaction time, which reflects auditory processing at a later stage, indicated a right ear listening advantage, or left hemisphere dominance. The observed swap of hemisphere dominance would not occur when the lexical tone was substituted with a meaningless pure tone. This swap reveals dependence of hemisphere labor division initially on acoustic and then on functional cues of auditory inputs in the processing from sound to meaning.

scholarly journals Auditory processing and auditory rehabilitation approaches in autism

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdollah Moossavi ◽  
Marziyeh Moallemi
Keyword(s):  
Music Therapy ◽  
Sensory Processing ◽  
Auditory Processing ◽  
Sensory Integration ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Auditory Modality ◽  
Evoked Responses ◽  
Auditory Evoked Responses ◽  
Auditory Rehabilitation

Background and Aim: Concerning the preva­lence of autism spectrum disorder, many studies have examined the various aspects of this dis­order. One of the major problems in autism is the sensory processing deficit, and in particular the abnormalities of auditory processing. In this review article, we have tried to explain the neu­rological features of auditory processing and abnormalities in auditory evoked responses in autism, finally recount some of the main met­hods of auditory rehabilitation. Recent Findings: We searched for articles in databases with keywords of “autism,” “auditory processing” and “auditory rehabilitation.” A total of 102 articles were initially found in this field. Some articles were not about our study topic, thus in the end, only 79 articles were ent­ered the study published from 1989 to 2018. Based on these studies, autism associates with a weakness in sensory integration due to abnor­mal interactions between different neural net­works. This condition of auditory modality are being manifested as different abnormalities in evoked responses, especially for complex sti­muli at the level of the brainstem and cortex. Language and speech problems are prevalent in many patients with autism, which has already been mentioned in numerous studies. To treat these deficits, appropriate auditory rehabilitation techniques (often using music to improve the symptoms) have been developed. Conclusion: In order to know more about aut­ism and adopt appropriate interventions, doing audiometric, behavioral and electrophysiologi­cal evaluations are recommended on a regular basis. Rehabilitation in this disorder generally include music therapy, signal-to-noise enhanc­ement strategies, and cognitive behavioral the­rapies.

scholarly journals Right Hemisphere Dominance in Visual Statistical Learning

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 1088-1099 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew E. Roser ◽  
József Fiser ◽  
Richard N. Aslin ◽  
Michael S. Gazzaniga
Keyword(s):  
Visual Field ◽  
Statistical Learning ◽  
Conceptual Knowledge ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Visual Fields ◽  
Activation Patterns ◽  
Split Brain ◽  
Visuospatial Processing ◽  
Hemisphere Dominance ◽  
The Right

Several studies report a right hemisphere advantage for visuospatial integration and a left hemisphere advantage for inferring conceptual knowledge from patterns of covariation. The present study examined hemispheric asymmetry in the implicit learning of new visual feature combinations. A split-brain patient and normal control participants viewed multishape scenes presented in either the right or the left visual fields. Unbeknownst to the participants, the scenes were composed from a random combination of fixed pairs of shapes. Subsequent testing found that control participants could discriminate fixed-pair shapes from randomly combined shapes when presented in either visual field. The split-brain patient performed at chance except when both the practice and the test displays were presented in the left visual field (right hemisphere). These results suggest that the statistical learning of new visual features is dominated by visuospatial processing in the right hemisphere and provide a prediction about how fMRI activation patterns might change during unsupervised statistical learning.

scholarly journals Auditory Processing Disorders in Elderly Persons vs. Linguistic and Emotional Prosody

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 6427
Author(s):  
Anna Rasmus ◽  
Aleksandra Błachnio
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Auditory Processing ◽  
Temporal Pattern ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
Central Auditory Processing ◽  
Auditory Processing Disorders ◽  
Emotional Prosody ◽  
Frequency Pattern ◽  
Central Processing

Background: Language communication, which is one of the basic forms of building and maintaining interpersonal relationships, deteriorates in elder age. One of the probable causes is a decline in auditory functioning, including auditory central processing. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the profile of central auditory processing disorders in the elderly as well as the relationship between these disorders and the perception of emotional and linguistic prosody. Methods: The Right Hemisphere Language Battery (RHLB-PL), and the Brain-Boy Universal Professional (BUP) were used. Results: There are statistically significant relationships between emotional prosody and: spatial hearing (r(18) = 0.46, p = 0.04); the time of the reaction (r(18) = 0.49, p = 0.03); recognizing the frequency pattern (r(18) = 0.49, p = 0.03 (4); and recognizing the duration pattern (r(18) = 0.45, p = 0.05. There are statistically significant correlations between linguistic prosody and: pitch discrimination (r(18) = 0.5, p = 0.02); recognition of the frequency pattern (r(18) = 0.55, p = 0.01); recognition of the temporal pattern; and emotional prosody (r(18) = 0.58, p = 0.01). Conclusions: The analysis of the disturbed components of auditory central processing among the tested samples showed a reduction in the functions related to frequency differentiation, the recognition of the temporal pattern, the process of discriminating between important sounds, and the speed of reaction. De-automation of the basic functions of auditory central processing, which we observe in older age, lowers the perception of both emotional and linguistic prosody, thus reducing the quality of communication in older people.

Asymmetry in Event-Related Potentials to Simulated Auditory Motion in Children, Young Adults, and Seniors

2002 ◽  
Vol 13 (01) ◽  
pp. 001-013 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Jerger ◽  
Rebecca Estes
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Apparent Movement ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Auditory Evoked Responses ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
Velocity Information ◽  
The Right ◽  
Age Range

We studied auditory evoked responses to the apparent movement of a burst of noise in the horizontal plane. Event-related potentials (ERPs) were measured in three groups of participants: children in the age range from 9 to 12 years, young adults in the age range from 18 to 34 years, and seniors in the age range from 65 to 80 years. The topographic distribution of grand-averaged ERP activity was substantially greater over the right hemisphere in children and seniors but slightly greater over the left hemisphere in young adults. This finding may be related to age-related differences in the extent to which judgments of sound movement are based on displacement versus velocity information.

Brain Stem Auditory Evoked Responses

2009 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-64
Author(s):  
Khalil Kayed ◽  
Reidar Kloster
Keyword(s):  
Brain Stem ◽  
Evoked Responses ◽  
Auditory Evoked Responses
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