Neuronal Nitric Oxide Synthase Is a Novel Biomarker for the Interstitial Cells of Cajal in Stress-Induced Diarrhea-Dominant Irritable Bowel Syndrome

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 619-627 ◽  
Author(s):  
Da Eun Jang ◽  
Ji Hyun Bae ◽  
Yoo Jin Chang ◽  
Yoon Hoo Lee ◽  
Ki Taek Nam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
Interstitial Cells Of Cajal ◽  
Neuronal Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
Interstitial Cells ◽  
Irritable Bowel ◽  
Cells Of Cajal ◽  
Oxide Synthase

scholarly journals Enteric neuronal plasticity and a reduced number of interstitial cells of Cajal in hypertrophic rat ileum

Gut ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 836-844 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Ekblad ◽  
R Sjuve ◽  
A Arner ◽  
F Sundler
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
Interstitial Cells Of Cajal ◽  
In Situ Hybridisation ◽  
Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate ◽  
Work Load ◽  
Interstitial Cells ◽  
Nadph Diaphorase ◽  
Cells Of Cajal ◽  
Oxide Synthase

Background—Partial obstruction of the ileum causes a notable hypertrophy of smooth muscle cells and enteric neurones in the proximally located intestine.Aims—To study the expression of neuromessengers in the hypertrophic ileum of rat as little is known about neuromessenger plasticity under these conditions. To investigate the presence of interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) in hypertrophic ileum.Methods—Ileal hypertrophy was induced by circumferential application of a strip of plastic film for 18–24 days. Immunocytochemistry, in situ hybridisation, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) diaphorase histochemistry, and ethidium bromide staining were used to investigate the number of enteric neurones expressing neuropeptides and nitric oxide synthase, and the frequency of ICC.Results—In the hypertrophic ileum several neuronal populations showed changes in their expression of neuromessengers. Myenteric neurones expressing vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), pituitary adenylate cyclase activating peptide, and galanin were notably increased in number. In submucous ganglia the number of VIP immunoreactive neurones decreased while those expressing VIP mRNA increased. NADPH diaphorase positive submucous neurones increased dramatically while the number of neuronal type nitric oxide synthase expressing ones was unchanged. The number of ICC decreased notably in hypertrophic ileum.Conclusion—Enteric neurones change their levels of expression of neuromessengers in hypertrophic ileum. ICC are also affected. The changes are presumably part of an adaptive response to the increased work load.

Interstitial cells of Cajal and adaptive relaxation in the mouse stomach

2006 ◽  
Vol 291 (6) ◽  
pp. G1129-G1136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Devika Dixit ◽  
Natalia Zarate ◽  
Louis W. C. Liu ◽  
Douglas R. Boreham ◽  
Jan D. Huizinga
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
Interstitial Cells Of Cajal ◽  
Interstitial Cells ◽  
Myogenic Tone ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Pressure Development ◽  
Organ Level ◽  
Cells Of Cajal ◽  
Oxide Synthase

Interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) are proposed to play a role in stretch activation of nerves and are under intense investigation for potential roles in enteric innervation. Most data to support such roles come from in vitro studies with muscle strips whereas data at the whole organ level are scarce. To obtain insight into the role of ICC in distention-induced motor patterns developing at the organ level, we studied distension-induced adaptive relaxation in the isolated whole stomach of wild-type and W/Wv mice. A method was developed to assess gastric adaptive relaxation that gave quantitative information on rates of pressure development and maximal adaptive relaxation. Pressure development was monitored throughout infusion of 1 ml of solution over a 10-min period. The final intraluminal pressure was sensitive to blockade of nitric oxide synthase, in wild-type and W/Wv mice to a similar extent, indicating NO-mediated relaxation in W/Wv mice. Adaptive relaxation occurred between 0.2 and 0.5 ml of solution infusion; this reflex was abolished by TTX, was not sensitive to blockade of nitric oxide synthase, but was abolished by apamin, suggesting that ATP and not nitric oxide is the neurotransmitter responsible for this intrinsic reflex. Despite the absence of intramuscular ICC (ICC-IM), normal gastric adaptive relaxation occurred in the W/Wv stomach. Because pressure development was significantly lower in W/Wv mice compared with wild type in all the conditions studied, including in the presence of TTX, ICC-IM may play a role in development of myogenic tone. In conclusion, a mouse model was developed to assess the intrinsic component of gastric accommodation. This showed that ICC-IM are not essential for activation of intrinsic sensory nerves nor ATP-driven adaptive relaxation nor NO-mediated relaxation in the present model. ICC-IM may be involved in regulation of (distention-induced) myogenic tone.

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