Earthworms: nature’s chemical managers and detoxifying agents in the environment: an innovative study on treatment of toxic wastewaters from the petroleum industry by vermifiltration technology

Rajiv K. Sinha; Vinod Chandran; Brijal K. Soni; Upendra Patel; Ashok Ghosh

doi:10.1007/s10669-012-9409-2

Earthworms: nature’s chemical managers and detoxifying agents in the environment: an innovative study on treatment of toxic wastewaters from the petroleum industry by vermifiltration technology

The Environmentalist ◽

10.1007/s10669-012-9409-2 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 32 (4) ◽

pp. 445-452 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Rajiv K. Sinha ◽

Vinod Chandran ◽

Brijal K. Soni ◽

Upendra Patel ◽

Ashok Ghosh

Keyword(s):

Petroleum Industry

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High resolution electron microscopy of lanthanum phosphate crystals

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100108519 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 36 (1) ◽

pp. 274-275

Author(s):

J. C. Wheatley ◽

J. M. Cowley

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Catalytic Activity ◽

High Resolution ◽

Petroleum Industry ◽

High Resolution Electron Microscopy ◽

Lanthanum Phosphate ◽

Good Catalyst ◽

Resolution Electron ◽

Good Catalytic Activity ◽

Physical And Chemical

Rare-earth phosphates are of particular interest because of their catalytic properties associated with the hydrolysis of many aromatic chlorides in the petroleum industry. Lanthanum phosphates (LaPO4) which have been doped with small amounts of copper have shown increased catalytic activity (1). However the physical and chemical characteristics of the samples leading to good catalytic activity are not known.Many catalysts are amorphous and thus do not easily lend themselves to methods of investigation which would include electron microscopy. However, the LaPO4, crystals are quite suitable samples for high resolution techniques.The samples used were obtained from William L. Kehl of Gulf Research and Development Company. The electron microscopy was carried out on a JEOL JEM-100B which had been modified for high resolution microscopy (2). Standard high resolution techniques were employed. Three different sample types were observed: 669A-1-5-7 (poor catalyst), H-L-2 (good catalyst) and 27-011 (good catalyst).

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