Abstract. This paper presents a new flood risk behaviour model developed using a coupled Hydrodynamic Agent-Based Model (HABM). This model uses the LISFLOOD-FP Hydrodynamic Model and the NetLogo (NL) agent-based framework and is applied to the 2005 flood event in Carlisle, UK. The hydrodynamic model provides a realistic simulation of detailed flood dynamics through the event whilst the agent-based model component enables simulation and analysis of the complex, in-event social response. NetLogo enables alternative probabilistic daily routine and agent choice scenarios for the individuals of Carlisle to be simulated in a coupled fashion with the flood inundation. Experiments are also conducted using a novel, enhanced social modelling component, comprised of the Bass Diffusion Model, to investigate the effect of direct or indirect warnings in flood incident response. From the analysis of these coupled simulations, management stress points, predictable or otherwise, can be presented to those responsible for hazard management and post-event recovery. The results within this paper suggest that these stress points can be present, or amplified, by a lack of preparedness or a lack of phased evacuation measures. Furthermore, the methods here outlined have the potential for application elsewhere to reduce the complexity and improve the effectiveness of flood incident management. The paper demonstrates the influence that emergent properties have on systematic vulnerability and risk from natural hazards in coupled socio-environmental systems.
Testing the impact of direct and indirect flood warnings on population behaviour using an agent-based model