This chapter discusses the unique and novel properties of 2D materials useful for toxic gas and biosensing applications. The work presented in this chapter mainly focuses on latest research done on 2D materials related to toxic gas and biosensing for surface plasmon resonance based sensors. Here, we proposed a surface plasmon resonance sensor utilizing P3OT thin films which can sense different concentration of NO2 gas. The performance of proposed design is evaluated by calculating sensitivity, detection accuracy and quality factor, with and without use of silicon layer. Sensitivity of proposed sensor increases by using silicon.