The current situation in church and modern society makes it necessary to leave comprehensive theories of pastoral care. Facing a youth that can only be described as an aggregate, and regarding a pluralization of practice, methods and approaches, a contemporary theory of youth ministry will not be a complete design but rather a flexible theory, which is open for different situations and diverse ways of action. This article outlines a theological concept of youth work corresponding to the self-conception of the church by revealing its characteristic trait as a koinonia (community, communion and relationship) as a suitable pattern for such a flexible theory of youth ministry needed today.