Linguistic Z-numbers and cloud model weighted ranking technology and its application in concept evaluation of information axiom

Author(s):  
Qinghua Liu ◽  
Jiadui Chen ◽  
Yongming Wu ◽  
Kai Yang
2018 ◽  
Vol 223 ◽  
pp. 01008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josipa Delaš ◽  
Stanko Škec ◽  
Mario Štorga

The main objective of this paper is to propose a modified methodology for concept evaluation by applying Axiomatic Design principles. Several drawbacks were recognised during the literature review and application of established Axiomatic Design principles that limit its use for concept evaluation. These drawbacks include the lack of analysis of concepts that violate the Independence Axiom, the application to concepts that are not generated with Axiomatic Design and inclusion of constraints and requirements in the evaluation process. The proposed methodology consists of four steps of which the first one is to analyse the compliance of concepts with a set of functional requirements. Afterwards, to determine the possible violation of the Independence Axiom, non-diagonal elements need to be examined and reangularity and semiangularity values calculated for each concept. Finally, concepts are evaluated in terms of Information Axiom to include requirements, criteria and constraints other than functional requirements. Applying Information Axiom to all concepts regardless of Independence Axiom violation provides insight into the complexity of concepts. The proposed methodology was applied to mobility scooter conceptual design conducted in cooperation with an industrial partner. The partner company provided input and system constraints at the beginning of the project and guidelines for concept development. Constraints were taken into consideration by applying the Information Axiom in which constraints are compared with values measured on prototypes.


2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 244
Author(s):  
Nada M. Al-Hakkak ◽  
Ban Salman Shukur ◽  
Atheel Sabih Shaker

   The concept of implementing e-government systems is growing widely all around the world and becoming an interest to all governments. However, governments are still seeking for effective ways to implement e-government systems properly and successfully. As services of e-government increased and citizens’ demands expand, the e-government systems become more costly to satisfy the growing needs. The cloud computing is a technique that has been discussed lately as a solution to overcome some problems that an e-government implementation or expansion is going through. This paper is a proposal of a  new model for e-government on basis of cloud computing. E-Government Public Cloud Model EGPCM, for e-government is related to public cloud computing.


2013 ◽  
Vol 33 (9) ◽  
pp. 2497-2500
Author(s):  
Tiesheng FAN ◽  
Zhongqing ZHANG ◽  
Jing SUN ◽  
Xuechun LUO ◽  
Guiqiang LU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy P. Hanratty ◽  
Eric G. Heilman ◽  
John T. Richardson ◽  
Mark R. Mittrick

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (01) ◽  
pp. 88-94
Author(s):  
CHEN DONGHUI ◽  
XU PEIHUA ◽  
ZHANG WEN ◽  
CHEN JIANPING ◽  
SONG SHENGYUAN ◽  
...  

2018 ◽  
Vol 75 (11) ◽  
pp. 4031-4047 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yign Noh ◽  
Donggun Oh ◽  
Fabian Hoffmann ◽  
Siegfried Raasch

Abstract Cloud microphysics parameterizations for shallow cumulus clouds are analyzed based on Lagrangian cloud model (LCM) data, focusing on autoconversion and accretion. The autoconversion and accretion rates, A and C, respectively, are calculated directly by capturing the moment of the conversion of individual Lagrangian droplets from cloud droplets to raindrops, and it results in the reproduction of the formulas of A and C for the first time. Comparison with various parameterizations reveals the closest agreement with Tripoli and Cotton, such as and , where and are the mixing ratio and the number concentration of cloud droplets, is the mixing ratio of raindrops, is the threshold volume radius, and H is the Heaviside function. Furthermore, it is found that increases linearly with the dissipation rate and the standard deviation of radius and that decreases rapidly with while disappearing at > 3.5 μm. The LCM also reveals that and increase with time during the period of autoconversion, which helps to suppress the early precipitation by reducing A with smaller and larger in the initial stage. Finally, is found to be affected by the accumulated collisional growth, which determines the drop size distribution.


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